Each insert has a channel connected to love the feeling of electric shock every time there is the feeling of female orgasm. Every time the female sexual arousal can lead to male sexual excitement. I have heard a few of my friends give me love : ? If like Hangchikengchi to Choucha, it is better to brush the toilet; if you like howling, as K songs; so far the most wonderful feeling is melted, simply does not make sense emphatic skills.
kind of wonderful intoxicated feeling, you can stay in the body? this wonderful state, we are parents, pregnant; in this wonderful state, we gave birth to life; of course, the pursuit of happiness. is in fact not to pursue, but enjoy the process of enjoying Let the middle of renewed life. We rely on this wonderful feeling, change history, creating a beautiful poem, and made great achievements, hh course, if they make good use of prostitutes, but also significantly reduce the social pressure.
We did not will credit thanks to this beautiful feeling. We rely on these beautiful feeling of passion for life, do not let lust completely control us. but because of the pressure is born, so we can not escape. You can not on the surface, the heart can not. the surface can be sanctimonious, but can be male prostitute woman inside stolen.
In fact, this wonderful feeling of detachment, no desire is selfless when it can have. You have only yourself forget, it can feel. So sometimes, betrayal and a couple of men and women more than the formal expansion Pai experience that passion.
on to the emperors, down to the civilian population, are dependent escape of life and death and love. You can praise can be suppressed, you can indulge, you can control hh various ways you will ultimately prove the existence and strength!
as sexual, it is plainly not a very important thing But we all understand that this is the greatest thing the human one.
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
Aesop's fable of the fox in the well off and the goat
Out in the well of the fox and the goat
a fox fell into a well, regardless of how he can not still struggling to climb and had to stay there. Goats feel very thirsty, come to this the well, see the fox in the shaft, then ask him about it to drink well water? fox feels the opportunity came, he was secretly delighted, immediately calm down, drink well water strongly praise, saying that this spring water is best in the world, sweet and refreshing, and advise the goat Sign off, and drink. one would like to drink believed the goat, it unthinkingly to jump down, and when he Gudonggudong swig finished, and the fox would have on the wells with a total business solution. fox well prepared, He slyly said: ; goat agreed to his proposal, the fox stepped on his hind legs, jump on his back, and then force jump from the corner, out of the wellhead. fox after the boost, ready to flee alone. goat accused the fox does not keep its promise . Fox back on the goat, said:
a fox fell into a well, regardless of how he can not still struggling to climb and had to stay there. Goats feel very thirsty, come to this the well, see the fox in the shaft, then ask him about it to drink well water? fox feels the opportunity came, he was secretly delighted, immediately calm down, drink well water strongly praise, saying that this spring water is best in the world, sweet and refreshing, and advise the goat Sign off, and drink. one would like to drink believed the goat, it unthinkingly to jump down, and when he Gudonggudong swig finished, and the fox would have on the wells with a total business solution. fox well prepared, He slyly said: ; goat agreed to his proposal, the fox stepped on his hind legs, jump on his back, and then force jump from the corner, out of the wellhead. fox after the boost, ready to flee alone. goat accused the fox does not keep its promise . Fox back on the goat, said:
Monday, December 27, 2010
Questions focused on eight hundred and eighty
The copyright of all content and a blog all along. For the convenience of reading, some letters of the words were appropriate excision, but retained key elements.
Open holes in the trees: moushun@hotmail. com. Select a letter from an open back, please do not involving personal privacy. You just sent me, I will take conceited. Open holes in the trees present a serious backlog of letters required to be boarded 3 weeks patiently in line blog.
open holes in the trees do not receive more than 500 words long letters. in principle, restricted to the consultant for any reply. series is not A. asked, Can an unmarried mother, sexless marriage do not want a divorce how to do, and want a divorce and could not bear children, after true love can not be met, the men how to do the derailment, N has been said the same answer a hundred times. If you think you are special circumstances, I must specifically answer, OK, you made charges tree holes.
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1, my husband and I are university students, in 2006 married us, including my mother in my father's company. my husband more and more lazy the past few years, we can not say that he, one that he was sorry for him that our family, ill-treat him, even his parents stop him. He is not getting down to earth, and made the company a mess, and he had refused to go find another job. Recently he has screwed up the company a project, simply because he attracted me cause, he was a bit angry, and hid out refused to go home, do not say a divorce. our children only 8 months, I have to favor one thing the company also busy children, Faced with such a man really want to give up, what do I give this marriage?
If you only need for a to take care of him. If you do have this LG do not care, let him become someone else a good home Chenglongkuaixu. He did not play in your house his clever talent, and perhaps allow him to change the spirit of people Dousou.
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2, 37 men and 38 women were married, no children, male civil servants. a few months ago as a small family conflict argument, in January after a 22-year-old male with good on Miss K room, the message Telephone numerous appointments Saturdays and Sundays, and occasionally did not come home overnight. male date from the fight more and more indifferent to the women, the development of the house like a hotel restaurant, and the female sub-bed sleeping, and not with the woman saying a word. M not expressed to divorce. Q. Shun, men and women already know the relationship between K sister, and there is evidence, asked the men to go back to live well, or not feeling the need to break up, men are not ignored. women what to do?
he did not position from not leave, but if you do not stand, it means that he continues to play around and continue to condone you put cold violence. because it is remarriage, not strong emotional foundation, since he so rare KTV young lady, we better fulfill him. Civil married Miss, can be considered a new look for the new era should be supported.
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3, I focus on college English majors. This year in January to participate in professional eight results in the examination failed. but lied to his family has passed. felt very sad, guilty. I do not know how to do, want to do a false. I go to Belgium in August this year, graduate school, French lessons, but now completely lacking in confidence. is panic, very sad. say diploma only a piece of paper, but it is proof of ability, ah, really sad. they lie cheat family, a chain of lies I'd rather die.
2 more months before they go out, this February as long as you make good daytime and read English, the level of to enhance the piece. the face of difficult to hold on, with no fear of guilt, his own future on our own creation, not tasted bitter, how can I taste sweet? professional failed, we must seriously face the lie can only lie others a time, but lied to his life. Do not go making up lies, everyone lies need more lies to cover, then you'll live more tired.
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4, 26 female undergraduate, looks in on the family conditions of work are common. due to their own hepatitis B virus carriers, (also actively cooperate with their treatment, but this is not good like a fever that the disease), so talking in front of her boyfriend were to break up the two ends. a conversation 3 years, one about six months, and physical condition are beginning to establish a relationship clearly inform each other, do not mind the beginning, but after a period of time to talk about a variety of reasons not the reason for the breakup. such as: my eyes small and large family, her boyfriend unexpectedly encountered the road (I myopia), and so the reasons for breaking up a super funny, but I knew that, but I have hepatitis B virus carrier too, not to use this reason to break up and find other excuses Bale. the romance in the past to the past it, the question now is, I was not because of his physical condition necessary to lower the standard mate? such as looking for the bad conditions? or've never married?
is not meant to be your husband met the man before and gradually you will pick and choose to leave your others. not because he was sick to find they do not like not to will a lifetime, because the marriage will make you miss a single infinite. all revel the 4 Word is that the body is more than healthy people, breathing is also said to all and is ready to mate, did not revel in their heart, anxiety and self-willed inevitable.
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5, Guangzhou, 34 females, secondary school teachers. because of her ex-husband is addicted to gambling, no sense of responsibility and have an affair, one year after the divorce, married for ten years of separation. Pofeizhouzhe divorce, because his father and his real estate to write the name (the house is married to buy our own), as well as the debt problem, I also worth the prosecution, a final agreement houses owned by the child, 9 years old, custody goes to his (patriarchal unwilling to give me his house), he compensated me 10W. but 10W is IOU. even so I hesitate to choose a divorce . I took the children after the divorce he asked to live the original room (he did not want to take also brought bad), I agreed to the child. But he had not, even the children's living one thousand yuan a month paid on time no law ( He said there also do not tell him not to give, but Shashi Hou gambling money he has). Although I am not raising children, but often think of their own to pay so much, but what is not mine, and now still so hard . The most frustration is now home to the rain water seepage, repair and do not think my room, do not live Debu repair and comfortable. another mortgage to buy a house and overwhelmed. to him the child, the house to me, he not Ken.
Although I build, temperament is good, but a small circle of life, have children, has not the right object. now a man flies is somewhat lonely and helpless, some loss of future confusion. I should not have to He sold the house compensation I 10W, take a child hostage, asking me to take a one-time payment for child support, and then buy a house for himself? Or a child no matter altogether, plan their own life is better (so that he was too selfish, too cruel for children)? how to adjust under current conditions and life of my mind it?
gambler he is, you definitely want to destroy the child to his child, or led their own right. now forced him to sell to you that 10W, once again for support payments to clear, then, and his clean break from all the tubes, not between the. If he is not happy, then on the court, to change custody.
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6, and current boyfriend exchanges in January, we were junior high school students, who two years younger than me. I 26. He has not, and parents said. every date should get home before nine o'clock. They get along well, He said a long time and then tell his point, I am not afraid of a long time, delay their own. There is also a good description of the condition, fearing both missed the contradiction.
this kid only 24 years old, his family may will not support him so long married, so you better distance control and his contacts to see if it is not the man introduced bills you like, if other than the current boyfriend is also cute, and you have the right age, as early as possible for people. Also, you are also only contacts her boyfriend in January, how we should let the world just love to know? the best low-key points, beginning as far as possible without the knowledge of friends and relatives, if not go on about, but also at any time withdraw .
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7, today I checked the details of a single telephone boyfriend. He came home on the 15th from the city, from the 5th to the 14th he was related to two woman closely linked. text messages sent over a hundred amended. I read the whole body shaking, I asked him? which one day he went to the field, I asked why he went, he said play with. I was depressed, was believed on him.'ve checked, then a single guess, after That he is dating with that woman go. also suspect that they go to bed, because he does not answer the phone during that time. it is over a half months, and he with me now because every day, did not talk to that woman to contact. I The question clearly? the check he told him that I would do these things alone?
obviously not always loyal to his loyalty to you, but, if you care about this derailment, and only one way to break up, ask, do not ask , the result is the same. If you do not want to break up, to force myself to forget this as soon as possible. PS: you all to check the other phone as a single detail: It is shameful, disrespectful people. If you have this hobby, but also the kind of multi-foot boat hit boyfriend, your relationship will not be good.
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8, less than two years we were married, male stay late almost every day, reason is not official and friend colleagues play cards. before that he had seen the opposite sex friends, so he comes home late woman always suspected the reason. no matter how busy it will not do it every day, in the end he is really busy or not busy? overall this thing is noisy. a man to emergency sometimes do not want to go home, said nothing, because the women go home to him sullenly. women that you come home late every day, I might be greeted with it? and chores such as cooking and washing dishes are also fighting. their relationship is not close, if not back to the late man, long time to call is received, female to guess what is not there are other things, but sometimes an explanation of men and women had not felt the way they want. He sometimes see woman phone call records. I did not think the trust between us, this marriage very tired, and now we are not children, do not know how to do? do not see the future.
marriage of run-in period, to pay attention to points ways, the Cold War would not have good results blindly. no kids at home when he does not love does not love you, as soon as children have more household chores, you do not expect him even more time to go home. be not to have children, continue to run it, it is no better that only gave up.
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9, I'm 23, home to a blind date. I hate this way, compared with a lot of times no results. I did not know how to communicate with them . This last two years younger than me, one began to feel fairly mature. to met a few, and that his side urging engagement, the reason I did not refuse, but we have not a common topic. engagement is like a dream, like the routine, Sometimes I do not know what is the relationship we have in the end. He rarely calls me, and I do not know what to say to him, we met him was his mother said to me, he will come. alienated than those prior to the engagement, which I changed the phone two days, did not tell him, QQ is not on-line. I saw him give me a shout, asked me if I change number. afraid of the awkward silence, afraid he phrase ? know how to be in this state. I support a move it!
he was 2 years younger than you, a 21-year-old blind children forced by their families, engagement, and then did not fancy you, but because of his family can only continue contact with you. This situation reluctantly, not some of you one, so you feel nothing to say, more and more alienated. In fact, so let it be to alienate to give up, do not enthusiasm and responsibility to force the other side, you and he, after all, is not very appropriate.
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10, I got married 3 years, children 3 years old husband of 33 years. these 2 years he was no good work, and now is playing every day game, doing nothing, do not do housework without children do not want to make money. I said, said, arguing also fights, he is still its own way, very decadent, immortality is not alive. made me life now gone enthusiasm and hope, a day to day. We are now eating his mother's rice, the days have borne Baba. clever sister along: In addition to divorce, I have other way? (because not bear children)
he it does not want good money, you put the children to him to take you out of work, ah, how can the couple are eating at home, the old nest, how long you can chew? This man is not responsible, then you are useless, women would not even think What a blessing shared with him, they do not suffer with him Suffering, even if you're lucky.
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11, I 25, at home in rural areas, hours of family poverty, as parents are not so hard I gave up reading, working out to feet room, various people have to spend, I know this person, leading cadres, 20 years older than me. I initially thought his phone, because I am more traditional, but then I also went to younger brother I'm over here, but I earn wages are small, they are living in poverty, 17 years old I do not know how to do, give him a call. He went to vocational school to get my brother to school, tuition is his submitted. I am grateful, I do not know how to repay him. Then he travel to about me, and I agreed, in return, he and I had that kind of thing. After that, I hate myself, do not want him to contact. may as this time I was pregnant, I have never met such a thing, not knowing how to run, and not friends and family said, had gave him a call, so he and I tangled.
he very responsible, very nice to me, I'm with him for eight years, he is both my elders and my teacher. my brother and I now everything he gave, he said, can not give my home, but I hope I have a good . with his relationship to the current unit of work I have to know the two Secretaries, and he divorced, very nice to me, we are together I feel what love is, but he heard that there are between me and a leader, he said that the eyes of others I'm a bad woman, how do I explain that he did not believe. He said it was too small, he can not accept. Since he has not called me after the call. To escape, I got someone to flash married, but I do not like him, even a little annoying, but his parents well, he conditions can be, we say that a good marriage July 1, but now I think he is not I'm looking for, I would like to end up on the From marriage to the parents and their wishes are. but a pain in my heart, I know I do not.
no matter how red mouth and white teeth that you are with the youth's body in exchange for all of today, the price Public opinion is the man you want to miss. This is the principle of fair exchange price, you should accept the reality. But now since the decision to marry someone else to take over with others, how can I not married to getting divorced?
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12, a smart woman to do when you encounter the following should be how to do? LG said the field trip to three days back and found the second night he was back to the local, asked in the field, he said, and the date and no home to live. What Shun Shun sister, or equipment to expose a fool?
expose him, it is possible Fuqifanmu, decorum when he mentioned divorce, you accept this? play the fool, the right of marriage for the continuation of the body. regardless of say what to do, anyway hurt your heart is doomed in the future is to live his life, and stop worrying about his well-being or traces, and he loves to make trouble, we wings of a hard, fly right away, do not head back. < br> hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
13, found her husband having an affair, was only suspected of no evidence that he did not admit it. The evidence he has completely identified. He was with her more than a year, during the one-child played. A start their contacts, to conceal her husband married status. According to her husband that he would like to break up and accidentally hurt her eyes, and he admitted that like her. My husband wanted me to forgive him, and he is willing to return, and he asked me to join him compensation for the girl because she the economic downturn, the eye because my husband was injured. If you do not compensate for the girl, the family will not let him. I do not agree. The most important thing is I am willing to forgive him and let him return when talking to the girl that was helping her husband, that I still healthy, did not work you can find, looking for work can find a man on his way, and her disability, and as he hit a child, did not have a good rest, maybe the future will be infertile.
I said I was 30, because the financial crisis did not work, how can a man ready for me? He wanted me to be optimistic not pessimistic. These words completely infuriated me. My dad is also a result of these words to his beat up. Now he asked me, saying that we and her off, well and my life. But I want a divorce, my parents also support the divorce. because I can not pay into the back of the youth, and we were not kids. shun shun you say it?
any case can not be this man, because he was shameless to the extreme. But do not listen to him, give it to restore the marriage chick Han compensation, you do not need to pay for his betrayal, which is the principle to adhere to, otherwise he will continue to stolen, you have to constantly take the money to give him the backside, if he sets out a woman so set out your money, you even think about turning over the rest of my life. Second, he later said that did find a few words to play, also his father beat him you deserve, a lot of shameless people, but not every guy is like a shameless him so plausible, so this shameless kick the guy is Nyaya quickly choose a divorce on the right.
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14, her boyfriend than me, is a very trustworthy boy, he was 23, I 25, to discuss next year engagement. His family is not very good, and I said, with the second half of the money making room for engagement (because my mother that, at least to pay a down payment to engagement). because I am older, I want to licensing of his first year. but he seems to look a bit dodge. that no time. reluctant leader also said line does not lead is required. He bent to marry before I can say. I think the early licensing of him should be happy. He that mean? I think he was a boy, engaged me to lend him the money if the point not too outrageous, right? he felt all right. feel his family is not very sensible, and I live together with him before, his family knew, but then I moved out from his 20-minute drive, but his sister and his that I did wrong. I think has been wrong before and you live, and then live together again as something, how others see me? feel married into his family will be more wrong. coupled with his very poor family, his young age and small , licensing of another dodge, I'd like to hear the views of Shun Shun sister.
said he was trustworthy in front of the back that he wanted to marry you refused a license and would like to tell you the engagement of money, do not you think you very successful if it? large 2-year-old than the others, knowing that his family was poor, still went to bed together, and now you leisurely people, not that you asked for it? In fact, you do not need to rush him engaged, we continue to choose to choose one option, there is better than he immediately replaced, the reasons are quite sufficient: when you call you receive do not receive certificates Well, since you so afraid of you I'm tied down, I tied to someone else for.
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15, I'm 27 he was 33, divorced with a daughter with his ex-wife 5 years old. He is full of guilt because of her daughter, so her daughter is very good, 2 to 3 weeks to her back again, often can not help her daughter tears. We exchange a year, he was very nice to me, have seen their parents, I have lived in his parents home, now the talk of marriage, he suddenly said to me, not to bear children later we got married, I want to All the love I gave her everything. I was angry, he wanted to fish and eat it, not leave me, want to make up for her daughter's guilt, the responsibility to make his father, with ex-wife has not remarried. I think he is very conscious, not handled properly the relationship, you say how can I do?
Since you're looking for divorced men with children, you have to understand the feelings of his children, if not, simply do not find such man. Now the differences is whether or not you have another baby, if you must want to have to find another bar another man. man obsessed with their children, this is not a drawback, but a conflict of interest with you.
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16, the day before the computer mysteriously turned boyfriend, girlfriend, before he found a few nude photos, hidden. night angry with him, he said he really forget, forget that such a thing, forget deleted. He was very sincere apology, and a lot of playing his own hand. I ask my sister how to right along the face of this? I know that after all these are things in the past, and I love him, he loves me. can I make life difficult for the bucket, the total brain think of those images, along sister, how can I adjust my attitude? if I have been able to go, not even with his ML, because the psychological shadow. has been not forget, can not let go how to do? What really want to break up ?
first quickly delete those photos, or if spread out, and destroyed more than a girl, your boyfriend will not be easy. Second, that picture is definitely in the photo before you, you are deliberately finding fault angry He also did not expect and the former girlfriend, he did not think you can dig out the photos, so you'd better forget these things, when your boyfriend is the growth of class time you visit the next tunnel. So break up to boring, no proof of these photos, they slept, in the end you are regardless of the evidence, or do care about the facts? care about his not a virgin, then it would not take these photos say things.
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17, my husband and I now have a vocational education in the country. As my character, and after taking into account the children go to school, I would like to emphasize the city. content with her husband, he felt less pressure of work, wages can be, good, reluctant to enter the city. into the city looking for relationships, in general, do not they go together. But we very good relationship, I do not want the two separated. Furthermore, the city is not looking quite sure of the relationship, So I contradictions, do not know how to choose: to fight into or stay behind? If you were me how would choose? By the way, along sister a question: Do you think people live to enjoy life is important (the premise: a relatively stable ordinary work) or important cause of fighting?
mobilization can be hard, but what kind of results, do not care too much. ancestral willing to reward meal to optimistic attitude to it. for me, will try to fight for everything they want under, to less than another said. enjoy life cause conflict and struggle? I think not, because part of life is work.
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18, wanted to tell you something my dad and me, this troubled me for years even as I write this letter, I kill him in efforts to hold back the idea. My family has never been war, my father loved curse, the family face accused by his relatives over the basic, favorite curse me. I go to school, he because of my hair too high a point tie, shoes bought Chromic, clothing color ring true that he intended for me furious. I'm a big age, he also intensified, male students call me, and he called me violence; I'm looking for boyfriend is short, he also scolded (I wonder, I'm looking for a boyfriend that I live with others, but not with others he had, he moved what?). he called sensational word, ; to accompany people to sleep, smart (he is not big business one o'clock). He boasts of does not matter, the problem is still teasing me that he boasted that I was not mm of shit, and I grew up he never praised me, only the rejected, that I foolish home, work or sweep the streets for me, and then another pile of dirty curse word. this time I had sleepless nights because of his words (and there have been before), can not sleep at night, just as bored with a pillow him to death. said his daughter wife, how he hated my people in the world? I do not know how to do, would like to ask Soon sister have strokes it? Do not let me communicate with him, if you can communicate I would not write this letter the.
moving out, as little as possible to go home and do not cost him a penny. you only fully independent, he can understand, like you and he has the character of human rights.
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19, I married three years with her husband and a daughter. now one year old daughter, I'm getting unhappy. things from last year, I was pregnant in August over the care of my mother, but she actually the sister sub- and sister sub-boss lead to. evening, I arranged the room, they go to one o'clock or sleep. the original mother and sister sub-partner lied to me, sister child going to a foreign owner of a house to sleep. I was furious, after all, sister child has not divorced, What kind of things! appalling is that my husband also accused me of bad manners. I was angry, cursed them immoral. She said that the boss does not hug her daughter could not sleep. I'm pissed. Results sister sub now birth to a baby, marriage did not leave. but I really can not face this family. I was either pregnant body, I really want them to shove off. Now I'm biased against them and do not want to see them, and do not want to They speak, for my husband also has a crisis of confidence.
you even if you are honest and upright, but also worthwhile, and her mother sister son angry middle of the night, ah, sister is not your sister, if you do not understand this point, you may gnaw at him a good? sister steal people with thee, her mother supported her brother, was a round to you? little later on with his family and from'd, because his family to work insane, a man with no principles, but on the face or to maintain the relationship , we not worthwhile and full of people than we care about ah.
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20, I'm 27 years old, have had failed marriages. just get a divorce, that is, valley bottom of my life, met her boyfriend now. He years younger than me, is the senior student, graduating in July this year. At first we are like two hedgehogs heating each other, and he after me, I do not agree. Poguanposhuai mood for later, and I frankly told him to love, can be good, or even ML, but it can not fall in love with you. he was probably lonely, and he agreed. rules of the game: No fall in love with each other, if there is one person breaking the rules, only out! then we separated, I found I fell in love with him, he loves me. we Huhututu together, living together! Now his family and friends already know I exist. long before he can be said that he did not want to get married, he was afraid of marriage. occasionally about this issue now, he still said he did not want to get married. Perhaps because of his poor relationship between the bar home, his parents divorced, no house, dad and stepmother for his work in the field study. He said that just want to make more money. I can feel he loves me, but I really do not know how to do, and I want a home with him, even though the poor nothing home. wise shun sister, you call me wake up, I'm so really changed as silly.
you do not silly, silly people eating the tender grass of the wishes? not. there stupid people in divorce as did college graduates to engage children? not. a failed marriage, no lessons learned lesson, it is not silly people can do, only that you super-confident, self-confidence to think that no material requirements for a man, a man can will your history. Then he was to be out of school, far away from the marriage yet, if you can Aode Zhu, etc. Well, it would continue and his Well.
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21, the existing two men and AB, A former boyfriend, first love; B is the current boyfriend. often trivial and B noisy, personality clashes, and A with never quarrel, but, and that he as a child when A, B to mature, have the ability. now A is still waiting for me, I do not know how to choose. feel B is more suitable for marriage object, do not bother to bring a sense of responsibility, but do not know how to coax girls, but also a bit irritable temper. do not know get along well in the end is the choice, or choose the ability, professionalism and strong? I was a little big woman, do not want to be neglect, heard what I always wanted. B a little big man.
AB multiple choice questions do. I have to choose for you, please charge holes in the trees.
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1, my husband and I are university students, in 2006 married us, including my mother in my father's company. my husband more and more lazy the past few years, we can not say that he, one that he was sorry for him that our family, ill-treat him, even his parents stop him. He is not getting down to earth, and made the company a mess, and he had refused to go find another job. Recently he has screwed up the company a project, simply because he attracted me cause, he was a bit angry, and hid out refused to go home, do not say a divorce. our children only 8 months, I have to favor one thing the company also busy children, Faced with such a man really want to give up, what do I give this marriage?
If you only need for a to take care of him. If you do have this LG do not care, let him become someone else a good home Chenglongkuaixu. He did not play in your house his clever talent, and perhaps allow him to change the spirit of people Dousou.
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2, 37 men and 38 women were married, no children, male civil servants. a few months ago as a small family conflict argument, in January after a 22-year-old male with good on Miss K room, the message Telephone numerous appointments Saturdays and Sundays, and occasionally did not come home overnight. male date from the fight more and more indifferent to the women, the development of the house like a hotel restaurant, and the female sub-bed sleeping, and not with the woman saying a word. M not expressed to divorce. Q. Shun, men and women already know the relationship between K sister, and there is evidence, asked the men to go back to live well, or not feeling the need to break up, men are not ignored. women what to do?
he did not position from not leave, but if you do not stand, it means that he continues to play around and continue to condone you put cold violence. because it is remarriage, not strong emotional foundation, since he so rare KTV young lady, we better fulfill him. Civil married Miss, can be considered a new look for the new era should be supported.
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3, I focus on college English majors. This year in January to participate in professional eight results in the examination failed. but lied to his family has passed. felt very sad, guilty. I do not know how to do, want to do a false. I go to Belgium in August this year, graduate school, French lessons, but now completely lacking in confidence. is panic, very sad. say diploma only a piece of paper, but it is proof of ability, ah, really sad. they lie cheat family, a chain of lies I'd rather die.
2 more months before they go out, this February as long as you make good daytime and read English, the level of to enhance the piece. the face of difficult to hold on, with no fear of guilt, his own future on our own creation, not tasted bitter, how can I taste sweet? professional failed, we must seriously face the lie can only lie others a time, but lied to his life. Do not go making up lies, everyone lies need more lies to cover, then you'll live more tired.
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4, 26 female undergraduate, looks in on the family conditions of work are common. due to their own hepatitis B virus carriers, (also actively cooperate with their treatment, but this is not good like a fever that the disease), so talking in front of her boyfriend were to break up the two ends. a conversation 3 years, one about six months, and physical condition are beginning to establish a relationship clearly inform each other, do not mind the beginning, but after a period of time to talk about a variety of reasons not the reason for the breakup. such as: my eyes small and large family, her boyfriend unexpectedly encountered the road (I myopia), and so the reasons for breaking up a super funny, but I knew that, but I have hepatitis B virus carrier too, not to use this reason to break up and find other excuses Bale. the romance in the past to the past it, the question now is, I was not because of his physical condition necessary to lower the standard mate? such as looking for the bad conditions? or've never married?
is not meant to be your husband met the man before and gradually you will pick and choose to leave your others. not because he was sick to find they do not like not to will a lifetime, because the marriage will make you miss a single infinite. all revel the 4 Word is that the body is more than healthy people, breathing is also said to all and is ready to mate, did not revel in their heart, anxiety and self-willed inevitable.
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5, Guangzhou, 34 females, secondary school teachers. because of her ex-husband is addicted to gambling, no sense of responsibility and have an affair, one year after the divorce, married for ten years of separation. Pofeizhouzhe divorce, because his father and his real estate to write the name (the house is married to buy our own), as well as the debt problem, I also worth the prosecution, a final agreement houses owned by the child, 9 years old, custody goes to his (patriarchal unwilling to give me his house), he compensated me 10W. but 10W is IOU. even so I hesitate to choose a divorce . I took the children after the divorce he asked to live the original room (he did not want to take also brought bad), I agreed to the child. But he had not, even the children's living one thousand yuan a month paid on time no law ( He said there also do not tell him not to give, but Shashi Hou gambling money he has). Although I am not raising children, but often think of their own to pay so much, but what is not mine, and now still so hard . The most frustration is now home to the rain water seepage, repair and do not think my room, do not live Debu repair and comfortable. another mortgage to buy a house and overwhelmed. to him the child, the house to me, he not Ken.
Although I build, temperament is good, but a small circle of life, have children, has not the right object. now a man flies is somewhat lonely and helpless, some loss of future confusion. I should not have to He sold the house compensation I 10W, take a child hostage, asking me to take a one-time payment for child support, and then buy a house for himself? Or a child no matter altogether, plan their own life is better (so that he was too selfish, too cruel for children)? how to adjust under current conditions and life of my mind it?
gambler he is, you definitely want to destroy the child to his child, or led their own right. now forced him to sell to you that 10W, once again for support payments to clear, then, and his clean break from all the tubes, not between the. If he is not happy, then on the court, to change custody.
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6, and current boyfriend exchanges in January, we were junior high school students, who two years younger than me. I 26. He has not, and parents said. every date should get home before nine o'clock. They get along well, He said a long time and then tell his point, I am not afraid of a long time, delay their own. There is also a good description of the condition, fearing both missed the contradiction.
this kid only 24 years old, his family may will not support him so long married, so you better distance control and his contacts to see if it is not the man introduced bills you like, if other than the current boyfriend is also cute, and you have the right age, as early as possible for people. Also, you are also only contacts her boyfriend in January, how we should let the world just love to know? the best low-key points, beginning as far as possible without the knowledge of friends and relatives, if not go on about, but also at any time withdraw .
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7, today I checked the details of a single telephone boyfriend. He came home on the 15th from the city, from the 5th to the 14th he was related to two woman closely linked. text messages sent over a hundred amended. I read the whole body shaking, I asked him? which one day he went to the field, I asked why he went, he said play with. I was depressed, was believed on him.'ve checked, then a single guess, after That he is dating with that woman go. also suspect that they go to bed, because he does not answer the phone during that time. it is over a half months, and he with me now because every day, did not talk to that woman to contact. I The question clearly? the check he told him that I would do these things alone?
obviously not always loyal to his loyalty to you, but, if you care about this derailment, and only one way to break up, ask, do not ask , the result is the same. If you do not want to break up, to force myself to forget this as soon as possible. PS: you all to check the other phone as a single detail: It is shameful, disrespectful people. If you have this hobby, but also the kind of multi-foot boat hit boyfriend, your relationship will not be good.
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8, less than two years we were married, male stay late almost every day, reason is not official and friend colleagues play cards. before that he had seen the opposite sex friends, so he comes home late woman always suspected the reason. no matter how busy it will not do it every day, in the end he is really busy or not busy? overall this thing is noisy. a man to emergency sometimes do not want to go home, said nothing, because the women go home to him sullenly. women that you come home late every day, I might be greeted with it? and chores such as cooking and washing dishes are also fighting. their relationship is not close, if not back to the late man, long time to call is received, female to guess what is not there are other things, but sometimes an explanation of men and women had not felt the way they want. He sometimes see woman phone call records. I did not think the trust between us, this marriage very tired, and now we are not children, do not know how to do? do not see the future.
marriage of run-in period, to pay attention to points ways, the Cold War would not have good results blindly. no kids at home when he does not love does not love you, as soon as children have more household chores, you do not expect him even more time to go home. be not to have children, continue to run it, it is no better that only gave up.
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9, I'm 23, home to a blind date. I hate this way, compared with a lot of times no results. I did not know how to communicate with them . This last two years younger than me, one began to feel fairly mature. to met a few, and that his side urging engagement, the reason I did not refuse, but we have not a common topic. engagement is like a dream, like the routine, Sometimes I do not know what is the relationship we have in the end. He rarely calls me, and I do not know what to say to him, we met him was his mother said to me, he will come. alienated than those prior to the engagement, which I changed the phone two days, did not tell him, QQ is not on-line. I saw him give me a shout, asked me if I change number. afraid of the awkward silence, afraid he phrase ? know how to be in this state. I support a move it!
he was 2 years younger than you, a 21-year-old blind children forced by their families, engagement, and then did not fancy you, but because of his family can only continue contact with you. This situation reluctantly, not some of you one, so you feel nothing to say, more and more alienated. In fact, so let it be to alienate to give up, do not enthusiasm and responsibility to force the other side, you and he, after all, is not very appropriate.
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10, I got married 3 years, children 3 years old husband of 33 years. these 2 years he was no good work, and now is playing every day game, doing nothing, do not do housework without children do not want to make money. I said, said, arguing also fights, he is still its own way, very decadent, immortality is not alive. made me life now gone enthusiasm and hope, a day to day. We are now eating his mother's rice, the days have borne Baba. clever sister along: In addition to divorce, I have other way? (because not bear children)
he it does not want good money, you put the children to him to take you out of work, ah, how can the couple are eating at home, the old nest, how long you can chew? This man is not responsible, then you are useless, women would not even think What a blessing shared with him, they do not suffer with him Suffering, even if you're lucky.
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11, I 25, at home in rural areas, hours of family poverty, as parents are not so hard I gave up reading, working out to feet room, various people have to spend, I know this person, leading cadres, 20 years older than me. I initially thought his phone, because I am more traditional, but then I also went to younger brother I'm over here, but I earn wages are small, they are living in poverty, 17 years old I do not know how to do, give him a call. He went to vocational school to get my brother to school, tuition is his submitted. I am grateful, I do not know how to repay him. Then he travel to about me, and I agreed, in return, he and I had that kind of thing. After that, I hate myself, do not want him to contact. may as this time I was pregnant, I have never met such a thing, not knowing how to run, and not friends and family said, had gave him a call, so he and I tangled.
he very responsible, very nice to me, I'm with him for eight years, he is both my elders and my teacher. my brother and I now everything he gave, he said, can not give my home, but I hope I have a good . with his relationship to the current unit of work I have to know the two Secretaries, and he divorced, very nice to me, we are together I feel what love is, but he heard that there are between me and a leader, he said that the eyes of others I'm a bad woman, how do I explain that he did not believe. He said it was too small, he can not accept. Since he has not called me after the call. To escape, I got someone to flash married, but I do not like him, even a little annoying, but his parents well, he conditions can be, we say that a good marriage July 1, but now I think he is not I'm looking for, I would like to end up on the From marriage to the parents and their wishes are. but a pain in my heart, I know I do not.
no matter how red mouth and white teeth that you are with the youth's body in exchange for all of today, the price Public opinion is the man you want to miss. This is the principle of fair exchange price, you should accept the reality. But now since the decision to marry someone else to take over with others, how can I not married to getting divorced?
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12, a smart woman to do when you encounter the following should be how to do? LG said the field trip to three days back and found the second night he was back to the local, asked in the field, he said, and the date and no home to live. What Shun Shun sister, or equipment to expose a fool?
expose him, it is possible Fuqifanmu, decorum when he mentioned divorce, you accept this? play the fool, the right of marriage for the continuation of the body. regardless of say what to do, anyway hurt your heart is doomed in the future is to live his life, and stop worrying about his well-being or traces, and he loves to make trouble, we wings of a hard, fly right away, do not head back. < br> hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
13, found her husband having an affair, was only suspected of no evidence that he did not admit it. The evidence he has completely identified. He was with her more than a year, during the one-child played. A start their contacts, to conceal her husband married status. According to her husband that he would like to break up and accidentally hurt her eyes, and he admitted that like her. My husband wanted me to forgive him, and he is willing to return, and he asked me to join him compensation for the girl because she the economic downturn, the eye because my husband was injured. If you do not compensate for the girl, the family will not let him. I do not agree. The most important thing is I am willing to forgive him and let him return when talking to the girl that was helping her husband, that I still healthy, did not work you can find, looking for work can find a man on his way, and her disability, and as he hit a child, did not have a good rest, maybe the future will be infertile.
I said I was 30, because the financial crisis did not work, how can a man ready for me? He wanted me to be optimistic not pessimistic. These words completely infuriated me. My dad is also a result of these words to his beat up. Now he asked me, saying that we and her off, well and my life. But I want a divorce, my parents also support the divorce. because I can not pay into the back of the youth, and we were not kids. shun shun you say it?
any case can not be this man, because he was shameless to the extreme. But do not listen to him, give it to restore the marriage chick Han compensation, you do not need to pay for his betrayal, which is the principle to adhere to, otherwise he will continue to stolen, you have to constantly take the money to give him the backside, if he sets out a woman so set out your money, you even think about turning over the rest of my life. Second, he later said that did find a few words to play, also his father beat him you deserve, a lot of shameless people, but not every guy is like a shameless him so plausible, so this shameless kick the guy is Nyaya quickly choose a divorce on the right.
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14, her boyfriend than me, is a very trustworthy boy, he was 23, I 25, to discuss next year engagement. His family is not very good, and I said, with the second half of the money making room for engagement (because my mother that, at least to pay a down payment to engagement). because I am older, I want to licensing of his first year. but he seems to look a bit dodge. that no time. reluctant leader also said line does not lead is required. He bent to marry before I can say. I think the early licensing of him should be happy. He that mean? I think he was a boy, engaged me to lend him the money if the point not too outrageous, right? he felt all right. feel his family is not very sensible, and I live together with him before, his family knew, but then I moved out from his 20-minute drive, but his sister and his that I did wrong. I think has been wrong before and you live, and then live together again as something, how others see me? feel married into his family will be more wrong. coupled with his very poor family, his young age and small , licensing of another dodge, I'd like to hear the views of Shun Shun sister.
said he was trustworthy in front of the back that he wanted to marry you refused a license and would like to tell you the engagement of money, do not you think you very successful if it? large 2-year-old than the others, knowing that his family was poor, still went to bed together, and now you leisurely people, not that you asked for it? In fact, you do not need to rush him engaged, we continue to choose to choose one option, there is better than he immediately replaced, the reasons are quite sufficient: when you call you receive do not receive certificates Well, since you so afraid of you I'm tied down, I tied to someone else for.
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15, I'm 27 he was 33, divorced with a daughter with his ex-wife 5 years old. He is full of guilt because of her daughter, so her daughter is very good, 2 to 3 weeks to her back again, often can not help her daughter tears. We exchange a year, he was very nice to me, have seen their parents, I have lived in his parents home, now the talk of marriage, he suddenly said to me, not to bear children later we got married, I want to All the love I gave her everything. I was angry, he wanted to fish and eat it, not leave me, want to make up for her daughter's guilt, the responsibility to make his father, with ex-wife has not remarried. I think he is very conscious, not handled properly the relationship, you say how can I do?
Since you're looking for divorced men with children, you have to understand the feelings of his children, if not, simply do not find such man. Now the differences is whether or not you have another baby, if you must want to have to find another bar another man. man obsessed with their children, this is not a drawback, but a conflict of interest with you.
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16, the day before the computer mysteriously turned boyfriend, girlfriend, before he found a few nude photos, hidden. night angry with him, he said he really forget, forget that such a thing, forget deleted. He was very sincere apology, and a lot of playing his own hand. I ask my sister how to right along the face of this? I know that after all these are things in the past, and I love him, he loves me. can I make life difficult for the bucket, the total brain think of those images, along sister, how can I adjust my attitude? if I have been able to go, not even with his ML, because the psychological shadow. has been not forget, can not let go how to do? What really want to break up ?
first quickly delete those photos, or if spread out, and destroyed more than a girl, your boyfriend will not be easy. Second, that picture is definitely in the photo before you, you are deliberately finding fault angry He also did not expect and the former girlfriend, he did not think you can dig out the photos, so you'd better forget these things, when your boyfriend is the growth of class time you visit the next tunnel. So break up to boring, no proof of these photos, they slept, in the end you are regardless of the evidence, or do care about the facts? care about his not a virgin, then it would not take these photos say things.
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17, my husband and I now have a vocational education in the country. As my character, and after taking into account the children go to school, I would like to emphasize the city. content with her husband, he felt less pressure of work, wages can be, good, reluctant to enter the city. into the city looking for relationships, in general, do not they go together. But we very good relationship, I do not want the two separated. Furthermore, the city is not looking quite sure of the relationship, So I contradictions, do not know how to choose: to fight into or stay behind? If you were me how would choose? By the way, along sister a question: Do you think people live to enjoy life is important (the premise: a relatively stable ordinary work) or important cause of fighting?
mobilization can be hard, but what kind of results, do not care too much. ancestral willing to reward meal to optimistic attitude to it. for me, will try to fight for everything they want under, to less than another said. enjoy life cause conflict and struggle? I think not, because part of life is work.
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18, wanted to tell you something my dad and me, this troubled me for years even as I write this letter, I kill him in efforts to hold back the idea. My family has never been war, my father loved curse, the family face accused by his relatives over the basic, favorite curse me. I go to school, he because of my hair too high a point tie, shoes bought Chromic, clothing color ring true that he intended for me furious. I'm a big age, he also intensified, male students call me, and he called me violence; I'm looking for boyfriend is short, he also scolded (I wonder, I'm looking for a boyfriend that I live with others, but not with others he had, he moved what?). he called sensational word, ; to accompany people to sleep, smart (he is not big business one o'clock). He boasts of does not matter, the problem is still teasing me that he boasted that I was not mm of shit, and I grew up he never praised me, only the rejected, that I foolish home, work or sweep the streets for me, and then another pile of dirty curse word. this time I had sleepless nights because of his words (and there have been before), can not sleep at night, just as bored with a pillow him to death. said his daughter wife, how he hated my people in the world? I do not know how to do, would like to ask Soon sister have strokes it? Do not let me communicate with him, if you can communicate I would not write this letter the.
moving out, as little as possible to go home and do not cost him a penny. you only fully independent, he can understand, like you and he has the character of human rights.
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19, I married three years with her husband and a daughter. now one year old daughter, I'm getting unhappy. things from last year, I was pregnant in August over the care of my mother, but she actually the sister sub- and sister sub-boss lead to. evening, I arranged the room, they go to one o'clock or sleep. the original mother and sister sub-partner lied to me, sister child going to a foreign owner of a house to sleep. I was furious, after all, sister child has not divorced, What kind of things! appalling is that my husband also accused me of bad manners. I was angry, cursed them immoral. She said that the boss does not hug her daughter could not sleep. I'm pissed. Results sister sub now birth to a baby, marriage did not leave. but I really can not face this family. I was either pregnant body, I really want them to shove off. Now I'm biased against them and do not want to see them, and do not want to They speak, for my husband also has a crisis of confidence.
you even if you are honest and upright, but also worthwhile, and her mother sister son angry middle of the night, ah, sister is not your sister, if you do not understand this point, you may gnaw at him a good? sister steal people with thee, her mother supported her brother, was a round to you? little later on with his family and from'd, because his family to work insane, a man with no principles, but on the face or to maintain the relationship , we not worthwhile and full of people than we care about ah.
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20, I'm 27 years old, have had failed marriages. just get a divorce, that is, valley bottom of my life, met her boyfriend now. He years younger than me, is the senior student, graduating in July this year. At first we are like two hedgehogs heating each other, and he after me, I do not agree. Poguanposhuai mood for later, and I frankly told him to love, can be good, or even ML, but it can not fall in love with you. he was probably lonely, and he agreed. rules of the game: No fall in love with each other, if there is one person breaking the rules, only out! then we separated, I found I fell in love with him, he loves me. we Huhututu together, living together! Now his family and friends already know I exist. long before he can be said that he did not want to get married, he was afraid of marriage. occasionally about this issue now, he still said he did not want to get married. Perhaps because of his poor relationship between the bar home, his parents divorced, no house, dad and stepmother for his work in the field study. He said that just want to make more money. I can feel he loves me, but I really do not know how to do, and I want a home with him, even though the poor nothing home. wise shun sister, you call me wake up, I'm so really changed as silly.
you do not silly, silly people eating the tender grass of the wishes? not. there stupid people in divorce as did college graduates to engage children? not. a failed marriage, no lessons learned lesson, it is not silly people can do, only that you super-confident, self-confidence to think that no material requirements for a man, a man can will your history. Then he was to be out of school, far away from the marriage yet, if you can Aode Zhu, etc. Well, it would continue and his Well.
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21, the existing two men and AB, A former boyfriend, first love; B is the current boyfriend. often trivial and B noisy, personality clashes, and A with never quarrel, but, and that he as a child when A, B to mature, have the ability. now A is still waiting for me, I do not know how to choose. feel B is more suitable for marriage object, do not bother to bring a sense of responsibility, but do not know how to coax girls, but also a bit irritable temper. do not know get along well in the end is the choice, or choose the ability, professionalism and strong? I was a little big woman, do not want to be neglect, heard what I always wanted. B a little big man.
AB multiple choice questions do. I have to choose for you, please charge holes in the trees.
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Sunday, December 26, 2010
Shanghai creative industries and the park situation - the vernacular of commercial real estate - the focus of blog
Creative Industry in Shanghai - Suzhou River's old warehouse into Base ... ... creative industries in the booming Shanghai is in full swing. At present, Shanghai has formed a base of 36 creative industry, involving 38 species, 55 industries, creative industries in the city's share of GDP to 7.5%. Shanghai in China the first to promote the creative industry has attracted global attention, the UN people had come to Shanghai to study creative industries, four were given a higher rating. the world's leading An Bosi consulting firm commissioned by the European Union, on some of the world, including major cities, including Shanghai one-year tracking research, the publication of the assessment report: long period of time in the future, Shanghai has probably New York, London, Tokyo, tied into an international creative industry center. Harmony between the M50 up Red River is located in Suzhou, Shanghai, No.50, Chun-ming woolen factory, is now well-known at home and abroad sodium Gallery, Italy Bizart Art Center, France Eastlink Gallery, the British Consulate at the artist studio arts and culture, Canada and Israel Art Scene, Hong Kong and abroad, including 42 galleries, art centers, film and television organizations and 56 artists, design teacher workshops, as Suzhou River a unique cultural landscape and modern art of the often come to the live interview. Shanghai Chunming, a woolen factory was built in the early 30s of last century-old textile mill building has 41,000 square meters of industrial history. Chun-ming in the Shanghai textile industry restructuring, discontinued in late 1999. Since then, more than 30 employees left behind the old factory building to . M50 Shanghai witnessed the transformation of traditional industries and emerging industries to the historic change. Application of the nine new plant in Shanghai Chunming dozen woolen factory, including textile enterprises, and now Shanghai Chunming leaving only the old woolen factory plant is preserved intact. M50 fully embodies the ; of harmony, because this was the largest textile production base, with China's national industry's first cotton mills and the largest cotton mill, woolen factory in Shanghai next spring along the Suzhou River, the only retained as the most complete textile plant, Shanghai has now become the largest visual arts center. national textile industry plant into modern avant-garde culture, the ancient Suzhou Creek adds rich flavor of the times the bright colors. ;, its reputation almost equal to Niuyuesuhe area and the River Seine in France. If we say that the Huangpu River, Suzhou River, and the creative industry park, with a unique geographical location and history of good industrial buildings, the old factories, old warehouses replay glory; then, the lot is located in a busy downtown Creative Industries is a fine win is to feature win. Tien Tai Kang Road, Luwan District, Son Square, District of Shanghai to save the historic look of the most abundant type of historical and cultural heritage communities one. Here both the old plant, there Shikumen houses, brought together experts from the United States, Japan, Belgium, France and other 18 countries and regions, design studio, known as the ;. With more than 100 households creative design companies and artists studios have been settled, Tian Zi Fang formed in the interior design, arts and crafts, visual arts, featuring the Creative Industries, a protected historic features, improving the community environment and development harmonious coexistence of the creative industries are thus initiation of the new model. XiKang in Jing'an District, Yuyao Road and Haiphong Road, with the triangle between the Band, is the former in the last century, 20 years a small factory buildings. come here, like opening a history of industrial development in a Shanghai alley picture. Now, on with the Band, fashion community and creative industry base. located in Changning District Wanhangdu Zhou bridge on the door of creativity, the original welding electrode factory in Asia, the artist Lin Lianggang when Hong Kong came here when the plant has been vacant ruins of garbage. However, he had to create the industrial chain. Zhou door of the bridge where the regional creative capital has brought new vitality, Zhou, Changning District government plans to fight the creative industries Bridge Street area. With Shanghai to speed up the development of modern service industries, creative industries in Shanghai, more and more prosperous together. In particular, the regional economy have been converted into a set of industry, academia, research into the design of the factory; in Longhua Longhua Kiangnan road branch site, the construction function defined as the advertising industry as the leading cooperation and establishment of the Shanghai Digital Entertainment Centre, and building structures in the digital entertainment center of copyright services, resources, trading and training platform for the three public service; in North Chaling floor area of approximately 14,000 square meters built in the District 4 enterprises have been awarded the second batch of Shanghai Creative Industries, are: North Sichuan Road, the original letter in the pharmaceutical Delin Apartments Yi; in the East Bay Road, the former Shanghai Radio 188 eight-plant space; in Guangling Four of the original building materials factory of wisdom Hongkou bridge; in Shanghai Zhou Jia Zui Road, the original factory radio's Tom Lee Park Die. blooming high-tech culture, wonderful cultural and technological innovation and creative industries, the Pudong New Area is becoming a business card and a beautiful .2004 October 12, Shanghai's first cultural and technological base of creative industries in Pudong Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park was established. Zhangjiang Creative Industry Base key cultural and technological development of three industries, one for animation and game industry (including online games) such as game production software and hardware products such as video and audio research and development, agents and services, games, software, planning, design, production, agency, publishing publishing, operation, etc., and dynamic comic books, animation, audio, animation and toy journal , stationery, food packaging and other related industries with the cartoon. The other is film and television production industries, such as professional video processing software, video production hardware and production technology research and development, agents and services, as well as film, television, commercials and other post-planning , design and production. The third is the multimedia industry, such as multimedia software and hardware environment, development, production, a variety of graphic and digital products, content planning, design, production, new product modeling planning, design, production and so on. At present, Zhangjiang Creative Industry Base, culture and technology culture technology has been the introduction of 81 creative enterprises, and more than 10 businesses are industrial and commercial registration formalities .2006, Zhangjiang Creative Industry Base of cultural and scientific value will reach 50 to l00 million, of which more than 20% of export value, making the cultural industry in Shanghai an important link in the chain. As the base of the four major cultural and creative industries, creative industries, culture and technology base in Zhangjiang development goal is to build complete, a certain size system of cultural industries, creative industries, including education and training system, a modern cultural products market and display platform, forming the creative industries business services system, and cultural products of the creative, production, development, marketing of the industrial system, so that the base to become the world's leading creative industries development area. is planning a multimedia theme park, is a high-tech support to culture and entertainment and leisure for the specific content of the will set aside 10 million square meters as the theme park land. completed theme park will mobilize optical sound and other multimedia tools to create a full virtual entertainment space, with trees, flowers in stark contrast to nature, so that visitors to watch. Zhangjiang in Pudong, with Shanda, the ninth city and a number of heavyweight companies together internet culture has been bursting out of a wonderful blossoming of creative culture and technology. Speaking of Shanda, we must think of Chen bridge. Mr. Chen to join the high-tech field that year, when the warm acceptance of Zhangjiang Software Park was created by his grand network. from the initial 50 million capital of the online game agents, to now become the industry's the largest number of simultaneous online users and online game operator, which is nearly six thousand million registered users, while more than 60 million people online, to achieve monthly sales of tens of millions in China has more than 65% market share, become a leader in interactive entertainment industry. In addition to Shanda, the ninth city, network star game, CORE and other game software companies, Silicon Magic technology, innovation and technology the film post-production companies, and Shanghai of China Academy of Art Design Academy , Shanghai Film Art Institute, Fudan University School of Software, Peking University and other software, have settled in Zhangjiang, the cultural and creative industries to promote the rapid rise in Pudong. Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park in the interview, always feel that innovation, creativity, charm. in Shanghai Yin Chen identification Co., Ltd., an independently developed by the company's face recognition technology allows the author an eye-opener. Recognition is based on people's facial features to automate identification technology, the integrated use of digital images, video processing, pattern recognition and other technologies. When I walked into the main door, the camera portrait by capturing the most important features of the face, fast input system template. After that, you do not pull out any documents or keys, the face recognition the system can be freely recognized. This technology and traditional use of identity cards, passwords, and even iris recognition, hand geometry scan fingerprint comparison is easy to use and difficult to counterfeit, high accuracy, intuitive prominent, easy to access basic information and low cost characteristics, has won 12 national patents, 1l software copyrights, and became the 2005 National Science and Technology Progress Award winning projects recommended. face recognition technology will be widely used in national defense, public security, customs, transportation, finance, social security and health and other fields. company has said, will speed up the industrialization process, and strive to apply this technology to the 2008 Olympics and 2010 World Expo. Again 3G (third generation mobile communication technology), is full of innovative ideas and creativity Creative .3 G technology is the wireless communications and Internet communications with a new generation of multimedia mobile communications system that can handle images, music, video form, provides web browsing, conference calls, e-commerce information services. with 3G phones to be able to watching TV in the mobile phone, watch movie, play games, ... ... At present, the master with independent intellectual property core technology of 3G companies, has cut a striking figure in the Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, including ZTE, Spreadtrum Communications and so on. cultural and technological creativity points bright Zhangjiang, Pudong promote the development of creative industries. in the Pudong New Area, a new round of development strategy, the creative industries have been included in the focus on fostering and development of new industries with advanced manufacturing, modern services and build together three major industrial base ; Creative Industries began. Hawkins, the father of the UK creative industry to the Italian three world-class designers to the creative industries ... ... the theme of this international event, attracting 10 million visitors visited the . it into bright red, Creative Industries and the home universities of the 6000 pieces of different forms of creative work, to show the different values of inspiration and creativity. Italian shop, filled with hundreds of creative designs and romantic affection; France shop, one for the box to wire, plastic bags filled with armchairs for the extra eye-catching, installed in the middle of the chair reflects the light through the plastic bags of psychedelic color, four slender columns of glass around the chair, to non-material space-time creative expression of the tenacious existence of life in latitude; Danish Pavilion, the designers bring them to the 2010 Shanghai World Expo design of the wood, water, fire, earth and all inclusive; Japan Pavilion, the designers brought a colorful cartoon-style phone, wood clocks, watches the earth, each commodity is the wisdom of the creative sparkle ... ... through them, people see concentrated in the creative life in the beauty industry, beauty, beauty of the city. Shanghai is an international metropolis Welcome to Wikipedia, place to promote a platform for international brands and countries are tourism, tourism destination. Jianguo Road, Luwan District, Super Model Contest in dozens of major events held. Jingan District, Changping, media and cultural park on the road, settled most of the leading creative design agencies, including: guide the design field of industrial design is quite well known design company, has successfully Siemens, Intel, Electrolux, Shanda and other famous enterprises to provide design research, product design and production support services; JOIN ART is a well-known photographer in Hong Kong production company, the photographers, photographic equipment, image processing equipment and quality of the product all reached the international advanced level, has for the Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Nokia, Fuji Film and other international brands to create an ad. located in every corner of the city's Creative Industries, have also attracted foreigners who come here and knock. experts believe thatfor industrial development policy, vigorously promote the joint development of tertiary industries, creative industries provide a solid industrial base. Meanwhile, Shanghai has a large number of old industrial buildings, old warehouses and other outstanding historic buildings, concentrated in Shanghai since the 19th century, the city and 40 years history of the development of industrial civilization, for the creative industries provides a unique space resources. In recent years, Shanghai creative industry development through integration with the industry, and industrial layout adjustment and protection of historic buildings combined with the regional functional characteristics, has a certain basis and scale. the next 5 years, Shanghai will step up efforts to promote the creative industries, and strive to form a 70-80 in 2007 in the city of creative industry parks, attract and gather a 4,000 3,000 kinds of creative enterprises; By 2010, increase the Shanghai Creative Industry value should strive to achieve the city's 10%, and to build Shanghai into Asia's most influential creative industry centers. creative cities and creative industry clusters - Shanghai Creative Industries Practice and Research in today's world, creative industries have been from the kinds of ideas into economic value of a huge market in the world to create a 22 billion U.S. dollars every day value and a rate of 5%, in some countries faster growth, the United States up to 14%, 12% of the UK. Throughout the world, many developed countries, innovative products, creative services, creative marketing and creative industries model, attracting the attention of the world, constitute a huge wave of creative economic development, the creative industries in their respective countries in a unique industry values, areas and modalities of the rapid development of a country or a city of the future development and competitive markets weapon and show the world's booming creative industries, warm scene. a creative city of Shanghai is the economic center of China, the Yangtze River Delta region is one of the most dynamic economy in China's economic and social development plays a decisive role. reform and opening up, Shanghai has made great achievements in modernization of the national economy maintained rapid growth, and gradually into an international economic, financial, trade and shipping center of the status of national strategies, exceed USD 5,000 per capita GDP. Shanghai municipal government put forward the next few years, Shanghai will manufacturing and modern services. With the cost of economic activities, business and labor costs continue to increase, economic development will rely mainly on Independent Innovation and Promote the further optimization of industrial structure and adjustment, through innovation create change a new model of economic growth, Shanghai Municipal Committee, City Government assess the situation and formulated the sustainable economic and social development of inexhaustible power. enhance the economic value-added products, and labor productivity, and strengthen brand awareness of traditional industries and international competitiveness, knowledge and innovation as the active force of economic development. creative industry quietly rising in Shanghai, is in line with Shanghai, planning, but also with coordination with the urban industrial structure to achieve the mutual integration, first formed in the central Shanghai creative industry clusters, one rich in personality Creative Industries have been established, the development of new creative industries in Shanghai model and carrier, which will surely Shanghai's creative industry's overall development and industrial boost power sharing platform, and gradually form a Shanghai very unique form of creative industries, its personality and brand building will like one symbol of Shanghai's distinct industry advantage, brand building for the city of Shanghai to play a role. Shanghai to become a world-class city, in addition to and to improve their economic size and strength, but also to greatly enhance their overall competitiveness as an international metropolis, power, and the creative industries is urban competitiveness is one the most important manifestation, which extends the developed areas, are also distinctive, well known for the creative industries. creative industries as the source and personal creativity, skills and talents, and through industrial manufacturing, industrial transformation and integration, services, financial system, policy support, communication and other supporting systems put ideas into great wealth of society, based on creativity and creative industries is a cosmopolitan city really have advantages, but also a city's comprehensive competitiveness of the essence. Shanghai to really become a world-class city, it is necessary to further enhance and improve the urban function, enhance the city of Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta region of the linkage between the development of creative industries and creative industry cluster coordination role played by the Yangtze River Delta region of human resources, location advantages in resources, capital, and other industrial advantage, building a large regional creative industries clusters, the formation of joint development of complementary situation. Second, the creative industry cluster as the world trade liberalization and investment liberalization and the acceleration of China's industries more and more deeply into the tide of globalization, active or passive involvement in intense global competition. competitive enterprises are to enhance learning, a strong attack. For many industrial cities, especially urban professional (traditional industrial clusters), the industrial upgrading is imminent. urgent need for creative planning of upgrading the design-based enterprises support. At present, China is still highly dependent on the local creative industries or businesses within the creative talents of local creativity and the unique structure and development of traditional industrial cluster environment, without extensive and international, which affect industrial enterprises and regional development factors consisting of multiple components, the demand for creative talent who is also composed of multiple components, with distinct regional characteristics and a wide range of cross-sectoral, regional, professional, international features, the creative industry cluster is a development of creative industries kinds of basic form, the formation of regional creative industry cluster must have the following conditions: 1, tolerant social environment and policy environment, traditional industries provide a lot of creative people cluster stage show, the social environment and industrial environment discover the atmosphere of creative thinking and stimulate people's creative potential, the city for creative industries to provide better value of the goods external conditions, such as professional training and education, and flexible job market, diversification of the market demand and related industry support, and the international flow of information and personnel flow; 2, the creative industries, regional, professional, interactive and value chain. With the business and urban development, development of creative industries is not only a personal, individual enterprises, the traditional industry clusters and independent behavior of individual cities, but need for collective, interactive cross-regional international development cooperation with a regional or industry cluster personality traits, with geographic clustering phenomenon, which is the creative industrial clusters, with distinct local characteristics of .3, the city function is the development of creative industries important platform. constitute a cluster of traditional industries and creative industries into the basic platform of intellectual property; technical support platform is a creative design and creative industries into products will be based, including R & D facilities, venture capital, intellectual property protection and transfer of the social and attracting creative talent environment and living environment; artistic creativity and innovation and regional human environment on the improvement of infrastructure, urban and regional innovation infrastructure can produce the key factor is the flow of knowledge, innovation and talent of innovative mobile recycling .4, creativity and innovation City is to promote the creative catalyst for the development of industrial clusters. relaxed social environment and policy environment, government transparency, inclusiveness and diversity of social affinity, the flow of information and creative industries and infrastructure facilities, build the product production system, circulation trading system transformation system of intellectual property transactions, the creative industries incubator system, the formation of clusters and value chain of creative industries, the city's creative industry cluster effect to the generation of innovation, transformation, production, diffusion and commercialization to provide carriers and development. Third, the Shanghai Creative Industries District Shanghai, the tower in the Eastern Pacific, cosmopolitan city, with world economic development in the interaction, exploring the city from across the traditional industry to modern industry, the ways to achieve creative industry, creative industries of. which is driven by across the carrier, is the new creative industries. The initial motivation of creative industries, not from the academic world of theory, but from the last century Shanghai industrial structure adjustment and transformation of the practice of urban functions. Shanghai Creative Industries in formation and development of Shanghai reflects from one side of the of inclusive mechanism for Shanghai to attract creative cities nationwide and around the world from the creative industries and creative industry professionals and associated institutions and supporting industries, opening up an international city, increasing international integration, constituted Shanghai Creative Industry Clusters necessity and value chain. (a) of the Shanghai Creative Industries origin from the Shanghai Creative Industries in Shanghai, the first major adjustment of industrial structure, namely, urban industrial restructuring. In 1997, Shanghai Seventh Party Congress, the first time to actively develop the city-based industries. to 1998, the Shanghai Municipal Government formally defined the km of the center of the city development of the modern service industry, 6,000 square kilometers of suburban layout of the advanced manufacturing sector, the By 2006, the relocation plan will be completed 90%. So, the old downtown area of vacant industrial buildings beyond, how to make an inventory of state-owned stock of assets? how modern services to the integrated function of change? how urban industrial model? This is a new issue. urban industry and the four stages of two forms: two forms: 1, with Shanghai's reform and opening up, the and increasing demand for high-end residential buildings, has Guantingbingzhuan enterprises for industrial buildings and auction of land in the form of replacement, conversion to real estate development and utilization of land resources, second; 2, in the corporate transition and reform process of state-owned enterprises industrial buildings, rental buildings, to attract a large number of small businesses and various production companies, formed a urban industrial. four stages: the first generation of urban industry: self-development, commissioned by the development, restructuring, leasing section second-generation urban industry: the relative positioning of the main details of the type of industry the first generation of urban industries Creative Industries: the creative core of the modern service industry as the second generation of Creative Industries: the theme of creative industries at the core of the modern value chain service end of 2004, Mr. Hu Yanzhao, vice mayor of Shanghai, visited No. 8 in the bridge, the development of creative industries in Shanghai and creative industries cluster shape, given the strong affirmation, and gather a large number of creative design these kind of enterprise The Park was officially named Urban Industrial Park, an upgraded version, ask for more for the Shanghai urban industrial transformation and upgrading. Since then, the concept was spread to the north and south, but also the development of creative industries in Shanghai and the construction of the Shanghai Creative Industries features a handle, an effective way . (b) gathering area of the personality and characteristics of a cluster effect, and the combination of regional clusters of traditional industries Shanghai Creative Industries Building brand personality formation and traditional industry clusters and regional industrial composition are closely related, regionally traditional industry cluster is based on intellectual property into the creative industries, creative industries, the products is directly into pre-industrial conditions. Shanghai design creativity L. Park, a total concentration of Architecture and Environmental Design 20 enterprises, supporting a large number of surrounding with the building design and environmental design related Research Institute, design, model making companies and other supporting industries, while its close is in the national and international renowned Tongji University, its urban planning, architectural design, environmental design has a certain authority. Shanghai L. Park, the formation of its design creativity in which the regional industry clusters, and are supporting with the Tongji University as industry, academia, research model and carrier integration, but also the incubator and related to the design and construction .2 recycling talent base, combined with regional human environment Shanghai Creative Industries in the formation and building brand personality and regional human environment are closely related, and historical heritage and cultural environment for the creative industries atmosphere laid a social gathering environmental infrastructure. For example: the three Luwan District, Shanghai Creative Industries Tian Zi Fang, Bridge 8, Zhuowei 700, and the profound historical and cultural Luwan District is closely related to precipitation. Luwan District, ten twenty-five years of the Qing dynasty February (January 1900) and the Republic of China 3-year (1914), the northern border area have been turned into the French Concession. twenties and thirties, the number of expatriates moving environment in Belarus, and set up shop to make a living in the Avenue Joffre, ring week, mostly foreign nationals, many wealthy Western education Yu Gong and multi-intellectual, and gradually form a sophisticated shopping malls, elegant, high-end goods, beautiful environment, excellent service, features, combined with all kinds of European style buildings on both sides, showing strong of Russia and France style, he had , Xu, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun poets and other writers have engaged in creative activities in the territory. Republic of China 19 years since the establishment of a , Feng, Zhang Yuguang, Liu Hai Su, Wang Ya dust, Lu Yanshao other cases have drawn generations living in the environment, education, creativity or hold exhibitions; Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts, Xinhua College of Art, the Shanghai Women's Art School, Fine China cause a large number of personnel training. These are all national elite in history left a deep impact .3, concentrated area of the main distinctive creative industries: Shanghai's creative industries in order to protect the industrial history of the old Shanghai and the old factory buildings in the creative industries as a carrier the rise of the cluster, forming the main body of their unique industry and supporting the value chain, had been awarding 18 .4 gathering area, gathering local creative industries concentrated area of development value chain, from the first generation of Creative Industries in transition for the second Creative Industries on behalf of the change is to establish a joint force in the creative industry cluster structure and brand value based on the structure, the structure of creative industries constitute a relatively opposite monomer based on personality and overall personality structure of the phase morphology, involving the creative industries very wide range of services complicated the traditional industrial categories, and is also on their system can not be done through the single act, a single service can only complete part of the traditional business, but traditional industries, the formation of brand personality and values chain to become the second-generation Shanghai Creative Industries Development Zone, just as traditional industries like the automotive industry by design units, R & D units, parts manufacturers, vehicle assembly and selling enterprises and so constitute a complete industry value chain, with monomer and the overall value of the brand personality brand .5, concentrated area of creative industries value chain, professional services brand and the formation of Creative Industries to build a personalized service - professional services, professional services generally, while assigned to each cluster area The creative industry companies all have their own independent service extension and individual brand value, forming a concentrated area of brand and brand value together and become highly competitive creative industries cluster .6, gathering area integrated brand services concentrated area of brand value build a shared system characteristics, the gathering area by a professional property management company in the creative industries into the park each provide property management services and also sharing platform by gathering area, that a large number of public use space, such as conference rooms, coffee Bar, exhibition halls, as settled in the gathering area where the sources of business enterprises, creative industries activities organized by domestic and foreign exchange and exhibition for enterprises to build free exchange trading platform, the depth to create ...
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
McCain gained the door of life of treason
May be due to the inherent rebellious character, John McCain on many issues is not common ground with the Republican mainstream tune, but failed 2000 campaign for the party nomination in the lesson, so that McCain realized that the necessary return to the mainstream. In addition to repaired with Bush, McCain also tried to offend him in 2000, religious conservatives to have the opportunity to once again become John. McCain since the March 4 victory in one fell swoop, after locking the party nomination, but some exposure is not enough. In order to prevent the Democrats steal the show, McCain recently to Iraq, Israel, Britain and other through force.
in accordance with the schedule, McCain called the Dean began, and then came to his high school in and around Washington, DC, he attended the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, and then later when he served in the Navy stationed in Florida, and finally participate in the Congress Arizona ended member constituencies.
Obama was born in Hawaii and Indonesia grew up in California, New York and Massachusetts, the three studies, during which the black community to join the Chicago run for office, the last Senator from Illinois running for office on the the legend of the president than John McCain, looks like less than 5 feet in length dwarf mm Pygmies. Grace's father and grandfather are all well-known American four-star admiral, and is the first in U.S. history, Admiral father and son. His grandfather led the U.S. Third Fleet in the most powerful aircraft carrier participated in World War II The key battle, was promoted to admiral in command of the Atlantic after the carrier-based aircraft on reconnaissance forces. Similarly, McCain's father was a World War II submarine commander virtuous. During the Vietnam War, his father commanded all naval forces in the Pacific. McCain DOB 29 August 1936 was born in the United States controlled the Panama Canal area called cocoa - Suo Luo Navy base. Because of this, some media think that if John McCain elected, there will be the first American different schools. until 1951, family members live in northern Virginia, McCain then studied at Alexandria, a private preparatory boarding school in mm Anglican School, and graduated in 1954.
in That fall, as his grandfather and father chosen path, McCain entered the Naval Academy student. Not only that, three generations of McCain Yesun there are many similarities, they are not tall stature, looks are more stringent and a little cold, also are aggressive and alcohol abuse. to McCain personally, he was a nonconformist who. Usually people think that he would be a rigorously enforce discipline people, and his career are at every stage excellent. In actual fact, John McCain in addition to alcohol, but also gambling, personality is also very stubborn and uninhibited. As a freshman academy, he recognized the challenges every courtesy Naval Academy where he was being Most students and one of the worst academic performance, a lot of his weaknesses so that he several times came close to being expelled from .1958, he was in the same period 894 students ranked fifth from the bottom and the mentioning that he has been since high school to a fierce, skilled wrestler and a minor celebrity.
Congan Annapolis graduate, McCain went to Pensacola, Florida (Pensacola) flight school. There, do not change his lifestyle, he was driving a frigate, with many different women dating and spend most of their time in bars and beach party. then he went to Corpus Christi, Texas (Corpus Christi ) naval base for training high-level flight. his new career from the U.S. Navy Aviation, flight. Then he began to be commendable achievements and reputation, not his previous 9 months, Air Force training base in Pensacola, Executive Staff, he was dull. In a meeting with the Navy chief of Paul. Philippine tennis, he was asked to help find a chance of war in Vietnam. Philippine immediately promised that he would try. December 1966, McCain was assigned to USS Fred Starr A-4 Skyhawk attack driving machine.
5 and a half years in Vietnam, ; Faure Star No. , October 26, 1967 morning, McCain's A-4 Skyhawk driving attack plane was a Soviet-North Vietnamese anti-aircraft missile shot down and crashed in Hanoi Bamboo and Silk Lake (Truc Bach) near ejected from the aircraft in his also broke both arms and a leg. McCain gradually regained consciousness and found himself being surrounded by hundreds of Vietnamese, some people continue to spit and kicked him, threw off his flight clothing; Others hit with rifle butts off his shoulders, and even poke him with a bayonet of people left ankle and groin. happened, a military truck arrived, he was thrown into the trunk. McCain was transferred to prison by the Chinese Lu ( Hoa Lo), who is captured by U.S. forces dubbed the .
when the North Vietnamese from the newspaper clipping found in McCain's father was a U.S. Pacific Command headquarters, a senior commander, he was received as a prisoner of war in China, Lu Hospital, the minimum treatment of 6 weeks. at this time He not only lost 50 pounds, and the hair is all white. and then wait for McCain's father in July 1968 as the Vietnam War, was appointed supreme commander of all U.S. troops, the North Vietnamese to be released immediately to the return of McCain opportunities, but he flatly rejected the deal. he only accepts rope tied to the place of his pain, and beating him up every two hours. One time, after brutal torture, when McCain has been hit by the arm could not lift, he was forced to sign a written by a Vietnamese anti-American propaganda : This document is not good enough that there is no use trying to force him to sign the second statement, the McCain refused. To this end, the prison in Vietnam, he had twice tried to commit suicide, but all failed. United States and Vietnam representatives of all Vietnam veterans.
shortly after being released, McCain returned to the Navy to work, but have failed the annual examination, promotion Commander hopeless, had more than 1981 school retired from the navy rank . In his military career, he made a total of Silver Star Medal, a Bronze Star, a Legion of Merit, a Purple Heart and a Flying Cross, which honors him in the United States at that time in high visibility. but only Colonel John McCain, and grandfather and father-powerful compared to almost in passing. restless, he began his new marriage and a new political journey.
by the old lady actually and had been married once and has two children, marriage, McCain has adopted the two children, Carol McCain in 1966 gave birth to a daughter, Sidney. in the McCain captured by North Vietnamese prison period of 5 years, Carol mother and fatherhood, raising three children alone. Carol in 1969, was seriously injured in a car accident, but she refused to let the message to the military who are in the McCain camp to avoid her husband worry about . So when McCain returned in 1973 after the United States, surprised to find Carol a changed man, her cane, 4 inches shorter, gained weight a lot.
1979, the McCain and Christina 25-year-old Cindy. Heng Sili, met at a cocktail party in Hawaii. McCain was the Navy serving in the Senate of the Coordinator, accompanied a congressional delegation visited the country, has been full of political ambition. McCain Xin Di love at first sight, then warm to her pursuit, even though he is a married man, and two 18-year-old age difference.
know less than a year after Cindy McCain Florida court to seek urgent and first wife Carol divorced. Carol reluctantly in April 1980 with comparatively good relations with their own McCain divorce. Carol later called a failed marriage things, when the hand is also a great party, agreed to name two real estate all to Carol, and to pay her $ 1,625 monthly maintenance fee.
1 month after the divorce, McCain married Cindy is, and move to Arizona Phoenix,. Cindy from wealthy families, had a beauty contest at the Arizona Cowboy to win the title, and the parents are millionaires, Budweiser beer wholesalers. where he operated for the father Budweiser distribution company agent . McCain marriage , will be the Republican candidate John McCain announced that the 1982 House of Representatives election, the last successful election, to successfully enter the political arena In 1986, Arizona Republican Senator Bailey. Goldwater (Barry Goldwater) retirement, Mackay Well once again successfully took over Goldwater's Senate office today.
as the Senate, one of five Vietnam veterans, McCain actively promote the beauty, the more political dialogue and to promote legislation in Congress against the abuse of prisoners adopted. In addition, the eve of the 2004 election, when the firm support for Bush's re-election of John McCain in the is The Boeing Company, and ultimately, the one with cheap price of $ 6,000,000,000 by the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company and its U.S. partners to obtain.
and Cindy McCain came back and said the marriage, the fifth in their marriage years, their daughter, Mohan was born, two years and four years later, two sons, Jack and James (Jimmy) have been published. Jimmy and the difference between the 52-year-old McCain, he was 17 years old recalled for the two years ago, joined the Marine Corps and was sent to Iraq. McCain had last Thanksgiving visit to Iraq, Jimmy, and their respective troops. For the safety of his son, McCain has made a tacit understanding with the media will not report with Jimmy on the news. But in early April this year, Jimmy's whereabouts but the accident was exposed, John McCain and feeling very upset.
political centrist,
or the wind to send?
1997, the This is also to promote his presidential election up momentum .2000 Republican primary, McCain skipped the Iowa's first election, to focus on winning the New Hampshire primary. he visited every town, first published 10 minutes reform issues in the speech, then answer the question everyone. He stayed in New Hampshire more than 200 locations all over New Jersey almost every town, trying to kind of family reputation. Finally, he won 49 votes in more than 30 New Jersey primaries, instantly becoming the well-known figure. Analysts predict that if McCain wins in South Carolina, he was impossible to resist the winner will have momentum. However, McCain lost the South Carolina primaries, making the election of George W. Bush to revive the momentum.
McCain was still won Michigan and Arizona primaries, but because of McCain in Virginia In a speech criticizing the right-wing evangelical celebrity Pat. Robertson (Pat Robertson) and Jerry. Fair Virginia (Jerry Falwell), falsely accused Bush of anti-Catholic tendencies, and was also criticized those who had captured his call Vietnamese as and Vermont primaries, but in general still can not compete with Bush, George W. Bush eventually won the party nomination.
McCain to In particular, social policy violated the outrageous conservative. He always vote for women's abortion rights, had objected to prohibit the right of states to allow gay marriage constitutional amendment attempts, and even support an increase in federal funding to conduct embryonic stem cell research. may be due to the inherent rebellious character, John McCain on many issues is not common ground with the Republican mainstream tune, often a headache for Republican caucus. maverick character and frank temper, leaving McCain by many of the party comrades as Reform Act, McCain voted against both Bush tax cuts.
McCain advocated breaking the boundaries of political parties to achieve political parties to compromise, many reform efforts in Congress stood in the Democratic party in mm including the method for the Democrats. Gold put together bills related to campaign finance reform, but also with Ted. to promote immigration reform along with Kennedy, but most of these bills are opposed to .2006 Republicans, McCain is advocating on earmarks, love to find a partner, so that John McCain's old friends and colleagues. Kerry has also reportedly invited McCain as his running mate. These allowed him to encounter opposition within the party also won the centrist image. < br> However, in 2000 a warning for failure to return to the party mainstream McCain aware of the need .2001 9.11 incident, he often praised Bush's leadership in the war on terror. McCain's general election in 2004, public support Bush did not participate in the next 20 Bush's electioneering activities, open at the Republican National Convention defended Bush's Iraq policy .2006 9 at the end, when President Bush's public support rate at stake, McCain in a conservative thinkers Banquet publicly declared that ;. he was in May 2006 to free the University of Virginia Fair wearing a white suit of armor, this is because of his a whisper marketing decided once again set foot on the journey towards 2008.
a truly or During the flight, his plane crashed to an accident Corpus Christi Bay, but McCain only slightly injured. McCain July 29, 1967 and again escaped. At that time the U.S. Navy's Star No. A-4E Skyhawk strike aircraft. McCain then climbed out of the cockpit, jumped off the burning deck of the aircraft carrier, followed by just 90 seconds after the accident, dropped a bomb on the plane the bottom of the explosion. explosion and ship caused by the ensuing fire killed 134 sailors, injured 62 people, destroyed at least 20 aircraft and nearly caused the sinking aircraft carrier. While both John McCain in the leg and chest by shrapnel, but still lucky escape through unharmed .1967 ~ 1973, North Vietnam when he was a prisoner of war for 5 ? years, during which arms and a leg broken, torture and the injury did not have access to proper care to make the situation worse mm he suffered from dysentery and resulted in severe hemorrhoids. other American prisoners, but even that he lived for a week. McCain ready to commit suicide himself unbearable torture, but at the last minute and was found by prison guards to stop and eventually he was to be released back to the United States. < br> Recalling the history of McCain's election in 2008, luck seems to have helped a lot. McCain has not been easy at first: first exposed campaign finance in an emergency, even for the election of his life insurance bet, the latter is Several senior campaign left the team loose centrifugal, close to collapse. Because of his value in a traditional society moderate middle ground, but also made him much in the mainstream of conservative forces within the Republican Party attack, it was hopeless to think that McCain's campaign. However, , of circumstance, will hand over his opponents to the nomination of qualified hands of McCain.
McCain's two main rival Mitt Romney and Mike Huckabee are both conservative religious camp for each other diversion of conservative voters. Huckabee won the first game to Iowa, crushed Romney's votes, Giuliani unexpectedly give up the first few states, will be betting on January 29 was held on the Florida primaries. Chu's McCain quickly turned to the middle voters. Thompson has always wait until the poor performance of South Carolina, before withdrawing from the election, but still enough diversion from the hands of Huckabee's votes, so McCain won a key victory in the state. and then later , the majority of election observers had been identified as the , Feb. 5 Super Tuesday just after a few days, McCain in the Republican nomination battle has been firmly secured in the country. or even Huckabee also seems to help, although he is very tough choice, but he McCain's criticism has not tepid, refused to launch a smear attacks; While Mike Huckabee has gains in the conservative south, but he eventually at the March 4 withdrew from the race in a timely manner, to the time being surprised at the Clinton re-energized a renewed focus on the U.S. media, McCain reasons.
luck still continue?
luck look continues. Democrats are still killing each other, with the Republican Party campaign strategists would be between Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama increasingly dirty infighting as Republican campaign adviser, said: ; the National Security Hotline (Red Phone) White House to pick the phone. War hero He has been a moderate conservative and moderate voters and independents support; he also makes fiscal conservative Republican traditionalists satisfied; he lost in the primaries up to the major evangelical-based, ultra-conservative South the votes of social conservatives. but it may make the most conservative right are satisfied that, McCain's foreign policy is a real hawk. He attacks before the 9.11 release of a new Ronald Reagan called the Declaration mm state, visit to Iraq, McCain repeatedly said the situation in Iraq is much better, absolutely not withdraw, or even go troops. He also stressed that to ensure victory in Iraq, U.S. troops in Iraq at 100 years. These are also new security forces in the party of wants. Therefore, it appears that McCain will not only have the ability to win independent and moderate voters, and conservatives who could unite the Republican Party.
McCain will be the next important piece to select their own campaign If the opponent is Hillary partners mm, McCain's vice presidential candidate is likely to be a woman; if the opponent is Obama, McCain's deputy, is likely to be an African-American. black former Secretary of State Colin. Powell, deputy candidates in the polls now topped the list, but I am still waiting to see Powell. of the more optimistic about the governor of Florida, along with Charlie. Crist, two former rival and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney Former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee, or even partly responsible for the war in Iraq, but both women and blacks as Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, is also optimistic about some Republican strategists. Whether the ultimate selection of which of McCain, did not pick The people do not like the female and male hegemony in the Democratic Party and their supporters lost as resentful and dissatisfied.
article, as I pointed out earlier, as in the general election against McCain, Obama His advantage lies in its experience and military background. Moreover, the entry in March, the Obama dissipated, the independence of the voters will be able to absorb free votes. That being said, McCain will in this year's presidential election people
in accordance with the schedule, McCain called the Dean began, and then came to his high school in and around Washington, DC, he attended the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, and then later when he served in the Navy stationed in Florida, and finally participate in the Congress Arizona ended member constituencies.
Obama was born in Hawaii and Indonesia grew up in California, New York and Massachusetts, the three studies, during which the black community to join the Chicago run for office, the last Senator from Illinois running for office on the the legend of the president than John McCain, looks like less than 5 feet in length dwarf mm Pygmies. Grace's father and grandfather are all well-known American four-star admiral, and is the first in U.S. history, Admiral father and son. His grandfather led the U.S. Third Fleet in the most powerful aircraft carrier participated in World War II The key battle, was promoted to admiral in command of the Atlantic after the carrier-based aircraft on reconnaissance forces. Similarly, McCain's father was a World War II submarine commander virtuous. During the Vietnam War, his father commanded all naval forces in the Pacific. McCain DOB 29 August 1936 was born in the United States controlled the Panama Canal area called cocoa - Suo Luo Navy base. Because of this, some media think that if John McCain elected, there will be the first American different schools. until 1951, family members live in northern Virginia, McCain then studied at Alexandria, a private preparatory boarding school in mm Anglican School, and graduated in 1954.
in That fall, as his grandfather and father chosen path, McCain entered the Naval Academy student. Not only that, three generations of McCain Yesun there are many similarities, they are not tall stature, looks are more stringent and a little cold, also are aggressive and alcohol abuse. to McCain personally, he was a nonconformist who. Usually people think that he would be a rigorously enforce discipline people, and his career are at every stage excellent. In actual fact, John McCain in addition to alcohol, but also gambling, personality is also very stubborn and uninhibited. As a freshman academy, he recognized the challenges every courtesy Naval Academy where he was being Most students and one of the worst academic performance, a lot of his weaknesses so that he several times came close to being expelled from .1958, he was in the same period 894 students ranked fifth from the bottom and the mentioning that he has been since high school to a fierce, skilled wrestler and a minor celebrity.
Congan Annapolis graduate, McCain went to Pensacola, Florida (Pensacola) flight school. There, do not change his lifestyle, he was driving a frigate, with many different women dating and spend most of their time in bars and beach party. then he went to Corpus Christi, Texas (Corpus Christi ) naval base for training high-level flight. his new career from the U.S. Navy Aviation, flight. Then he began to be commendable achievements and reputation, not his previous 9 months, Air Force training base in Pensacola, Executive Staff, he was dull. In a meeting with the Navy chief of Paul. Philippine tennis, he was asked to help find a chance of war in Vietnam. Philippine immediately promised that he would try. December 1966, McCain was assigned to USS Fred Starr A-4 Skyhawk attack driving machine.
5 and a half years in Vietnam, ; Faure Star No. , October 26, 1967 morning, McCain's A-4 Skyhawk driving attack plane was a Soviet-North Vietnamese anti-aircraft missile shot down and crashed in Hanoi Bamboo and Silk Lake (Truc Bach) near ejected from the aircraft in his also broke both arms and a leg. McCain gradually regained consciousness and found himself being surrounded by hundreds of Vietnamese, some people continue to spit and kicked him, threw off his flight clothing; Others hit with rifle butts off his shoulders, and even poke him with a bayonet of people left ankle and groin. happened, a military truck arrived, he was thrown into the trunk. McCain was transferred to prison by the Chinese Lu ( Hoa Lo), who is captured by U.S. forces dubbed the .
when the North Vietnamese from the newspaper clipping found in McCain's father was a U.S. Pacific Command headquarters, a senior commander, he was received as a prisoner of war in China, Lu Hospital, the minimum treatment of 6 weeks. at this time He not only lost 50 pounds, and the hair is all white. and then wait for McCain's father in July 1968 as the Vietnam War, was appointed supreme commander of all U.S. troops, the North Vietnamese to be released immediately to the return of McCain opportunities, but he flatly rejected the deal. he only accepts rope tied to the place of his pain, and beating him up every two hours. One time, after brutal torture, when McCain has been hit by the arm could not lift, he was forced to sign a written by a Vietnamese anti-American propaganda : This document is not good enough that there is no use trying to force him to sign the second statement, the McCain refused. To this end, the prison in Vietnam, he had twice tried to commit suicide, but all failed. United States and Vietnam representatives of all Vietnam veterans.
shortly after being released, McCain returned to the Navy to work, but have failed the annual examination, promotion Commander hopeless, had more than 1981 school retired from the navy rank . In his military career, he made a total of Silver Star Medal, a Bronze Star, a Legion of Merit, a Purple Heart and a Flying Cross, which honors him in the United States at that time in high visibility. but only Colonel John McCain, and grandfather and father-powerful compared to almost in passing. restless, he began his new marriage and a new political journey.
by the old lady actually and had been married once and has two children, marriage, McCain has adopted the two children, Carol McCain in 1966 gave birth to a daughter, Sidney. in the McCain captured by North Vietnamese prison period of 5 years, Carol mother and fatherhood, raising three children alone. Carol in 1969, was seriously injured in a car accident, but she refused to let the message to the military who are in the McCain camp to avoid her husband worry about . So when McCain returned in 1973 after the United States, surprised to find Carol a changed man, her cane, 4 inches shorter, gained weight a lot.
1979, the McCain and Christina 25-year-old Cindy. Heng Sili, met at a cocktail party in Hawaii. McCain was the Navy serving in the Senate of the Coordinator, accompanied a congressional delegation visited the country, has been full of political ambition. McCain Xin Di love at first sight, then warm to her pursuit, even though he is a married man, and two 18-year-old age difference.
know less than a year after Cindy McCain Florida court to seek urgent and first wife Carol divorced. Carol reluctantly in April 1980 with comparatively good relations with their own McCain divorce. Carol later called a failed marriage things, when the hand is also a great party, agreed to name two real estate all to Carol, and to pay her $ 1,625 monthly maintenance fee.
1 month after the divorce, McCain married Cindy is, and move to Arizona Phoenix,. Cindy from wealthy families, had a beauty contest at the Arizona Cowboy to win the title, and the parents are millionaires, Budweiser beer wholesalers. where he operated for the father Budweiser distribution company agent . McCain marriage , will be the Republican candidate John McCain announced that the 1982 House of Representatives election, the last successful election, to successfully enter the political arena In 1986, Arizona Republican Senator Bailey. Goldwater (Barry Goldwater) retirement, Mackay Well once again successfully took over Goldwater's Senate office today.
as the Senate, one of five Vietnam veterans, McCain actively promote the beauty, the more political dialogue and to promote legislation in Congress against the abuse of prisoners adopted. In addition, the eve of the 2004 election, when the firm support for Bush's re-election of John McCain in the is The Boeing Company, and ultimately, the one with cheap price of $ 6,000,000,000 by the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company and its U.S. partners to obtain.
and Cindy McCain came back and said the marriage, the fifth in their marriage years, their daughter, Mohan was born, two years and four years later, two sons, Jack and James (Jimmy) have been published. Jimmy and the difference between the 52-year-old McCain, he was 17 years old recalled for the two years ago, joined the Marine Corps and was sent to Iraq. McCain had last Thanksgiving visit to Iraq, Jimmy, and their respective troops. For the safety of his son, McCain has made a tacit understanding with the media will not report with Jimmy on the news. But in early April this year, Jimmy's whereabouts but the accident was exposed, John McCain and feeling very upset.
political centrist,
or the wind to send?
1997, the This is also to promote his presidential election up momentum .2000 Republican primary, McCain skipped the Iowa's first election, to focus on winning the New Hampshire primary. he visited every town, first published 10 minutes reform issues in the speech, then answer the question everyone. He stayed in New Hampshire more than 200 locations all over New Jersey almost every town, trying to kind of family reputation. Finally, he won 49 votes in more than 30 New Jersey primaries, instantly becoming the well-known figure. Analysts predict that if McCain wins in South Carolina, he was impossible to resist the winner will have momentum. However, McCain lost the South Carolina primaries, making the election of George W. Bush to revive the momentum.
McCain was still won Michigan and Arizona primaries, but because of McCain in Virginia In a speech criticizing the right-wing evangelical celebrity Pat. Robertson (Pat Robertson) and Jerry. Fair Virginia (Jerry Falwell), falsely accused Bush of anti-Catholic tendencies, and was also criticized those who had captured his call Vietnamese as and Vermont primaries, but in general still can not compete with Bush, George W. Bush eventually won the party nomination.
McCain to In particular, social policy violated the outrageous conservative. He always vote for women's abortion rights, had objected to prohibit the right of states to allow gay marriage constitutional amendment attempts, and even support an increase in federal funding to conduct embryonic stem cell research. may be due to the inherent rebellious character, John McCain on many issues is not common ground with the Republican mainstream tune, often a headache for Republican caucus. maverick character and frank temper, leaving McCain by many of the party comrades as Reform Act, McCain voted against both Bush tax cuts.
McCain advocated breaking the boundaries of political parties to achieve political parties to compromise, many reform efforts in Congress stood in the Democratic party in mm including the method for the Democrats. Gold put together bills related to campaign finance reform, but also with Ted. to promote immigration reform along with Kennedy, but most of these bills are opposed to .2006 Republicans, McCain is advocating on earmarks, love to find a partner, so that John McCain's old friends and colleagues. Kerry has also reportedly invited McCain as his running mate. These allowed him to encounter opposition within the party also won the centrist image. < br> However, in 2000 a warning for failure to return to the party mainstream McCain aware of the need .2001 9.11 incident, he often praised Bush's leadership in the war on terror. McCain's general election in 2004, public support Bush did not participate in the next 20 Bush's electioneering activities, open at the Republican National Convention defended Bush's Iraq policy .2006 9 at the end, when President Bush's public support rate at stake, McCain in a conservative thinkers Banquet publicly declared that ;. he was in May 2006 to free the University of Virginia Fair wearing a white suit of armor, this is because of his a whisper marketing decided once again set foot on the journey towards 2008.
a truly or During the flight, his plane crashed to an accident Corpus Christi Bay, but McCain only slightly injured. McCain July 29, 1967 and again escaped. At that time the U.S. Navy's Star No. A-4E Skyhawk strike aircraft. McCain then climbed out of the cockpit, jumped off the burning deck of the aircraft carrier, followed by just 90 seconds after the accident, dropped a bomb on the plane the bottom of the explosion. explosion and ship caused by the ensuing fire killed 134 sailors, injured 62 people, destroyed at least 20 aircraft and nearly caused the sinking aircraft carrier. While both John McCain in the leg and chest by shrapnel, but still lucky escape through unharmed .1967 ~ 1973, North Vietnam when he was a prisoner of war for 5 ? years, during which arms and a leg broken, torture and the injury did not have access to proper care to make the situation worse mm he suffered from dysentery and resulted in severe hemorrhoids. other American prisoners, but even that he lived for a week. McCain ready to commit suicide himself unbearable torture, but at the last minute and was found by prison guards to stop and eventually he was to be released back to the United States. < br> Recalling the history of McCain's election in 2008, luck seems to have helped a lot. McCain has not been easy at first: first exposed campaign finance in an emergency, even for the election of his life insurance bet, the latter is Several senior campaign left the team loose centrifugal, close to collapse. Because of his value in a traditional society moderate middle ground, but also made him much in the mainstream of conservative forces within the Republican Party attack, it was hopeless to think that McCain's campaign. However, , of circumstance, will hand over his opponents to the nomination of qualified hands of McCain.
McCain's two main rival Mitt Romney and Mike Huckabee are both conservative religious camp for each other diversion of conservative voters. Huckabee won the first game to Iowa, crushed Romney's votes, Giuliani unexpectedly give up the first few states, will be betting on January 29 was held on the Florida primaries. Chu's McCain quickly turned to the middle voters. Thompson has always wait until the poor performance of South Carolina, before withdrawing from the election, but still enough diversion from the hands of Huckabee's votes, so McCain won a key victory in the state. and then later , the majority of election observers had been identified as the , Feb. 5 Super Tuesday just after a few days, McCain in the Republican nomination battle has been firmly secured in the country. or even Huckabee also seems to help, although he is very tough choice, but he McCain's criticism has not tepid, refused to launch a smear attacks; While Mike Huckabee has gains in the conservative south, but he eventually at the March 4 withdrew from the race in a timely manner, to the time being surprised at the Clinton re-energized a renewed focus on the U.S. media, McCain reasons.
luck still continue?
luck look continues. Democrats are still killing each other, with the Republican Party campaign strategists would be between Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama increasingly dirty infighting as Republican campaign adviser, said: ; the National Security Hotline (Red Phone) White House to pick the phone. War hero He has been a moderate conservative and moderate voters and independents support; he also makes fiscal conservative Republican traditionalists satisfied; he lost in the primaries up to the major evangelical-based, ultra-conservative South the votes of social conservatives. but it may make the most conservative right are satisfied that, McCain's foreign policy is a real hawk. He attacks before the 9.11 release of a new Ronald Reagan called the Declaration mm state, visit to Iraq, McCain repeatedly said the situation in Iraq is much better, absolutely not withdraw, or even go troops. He also stressed that to ensure victory in Iraq, U.S. troops in Iraq at 100 years. These are also new security forces in the party of wants. Therefore, it appears that McCain will not only have the ability to win independent and moderate voters, and conservatives who could unite the Republican Party.
McCain will be the next important piece to select their own campaign If the opponent is Hillary partners mm, McCain's vice presidential candidate is likely to be a woman; if the opponent is Obama, McCain's deputy, is likely to be an African-American. black former Secretary of State Colin. Powell, deputy candidates in the polls now topped the list, but I am still waiting to see Powell. of the more optimistic about the governor of Florida, along with Charlie. Crist, two former rival and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney Former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee, or even partly responsible for the war in Iraq, but both women and blacks as Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, is also optimistic about some Republican strategists. Whether the ultimate selection of which of McCain, did not pick The people do not like the female and male hegemony in the Democratic Party and their supporters lost as resentful and dissatisfied.
article, as I pointed out earlier, as in the general election against McCain, Obama His advantage lies in its experience and military background. Moreover, the entry in March, the Obama dissipated, the independence of the voters will be able to absorb free votes. That being said, McCain will in this year's presidential election people
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Chopper for residency on their own - those who wrote to the New Year Message from the cooperative housing
Chopper: residence mm wrote on their own cooperative housing for persons of Chinese New Year Message
public awareness of the dignity of individual life awakening.
A massive cooperative housing activities of the individual is sweeping the country, the general public to practical action to fight for their basic human rights mm residency.
bear the high prices of the looting, corruption and poor resistance to erosion is in full economic life of the Chinese people, wake up the conscience and the dignity of life as individuals, we will be beginning in the Year of the Pig the wind cries: I.
China's ideal. Many representatives, members are suggestions admonition to the government, on behalf of conscience, fairness, justice, power 剑指 China's high housing prices. optimistic estimates, the Chinese real estate market will begin to transition, that the corrupt officials, unscrupulous merchants and mistress of experts monopoly of the market will be merciless destruction of the house will return to live in its rightful place and value.
this spring morning, we have to lift the face, sunshine.
as 39 cities in China, personal cooperative housing sponsors, I sincerely thank all aspects of the vast land from the trust, and will go all out, faithful to the expectations of society, those loyal to the majority of cooperative housing, faithful to our time, whether the road is paved full of thorns or rough Ke Hum, I will, as always, spared no efforts have been dead then.
We are committed to solve their own housing problem, is forced, is a helpless struggle.
the UN Charter, human access to basic human rights, right of residence is a basic human right. China is a signatory, and as a permanent member, has been working to solve the housing problem. However, due to lack of public oversight, the great mission as a government, monopoly by corrupt officials and profiteers, and steadily driving up prices until the Chinese middle class desertification, the marginalization of low-income groups in urban China, the generation of Chinese youth who are interested in the bottom of, hh we hope that the Housing sigh.
Mao said: Poor people want change. We must change our living environment, we must pursue our happiness, we enjoy our fruits of labor, then mobilized to cooperative housing.
10 in this short months, we examined the cooperative housing for the six plots, and research and evaluation for early, and soon will be put into the bidding. We will step by step to advance our work, and strive to make the pig a part of us people began to own their own homes, own their own homes.
us this great cause, is housing. For details and specific arrangements operate, we will announce cooperative housing circles, so stay tuned.
the world is everyone's world, China is all the people of China. we were born and bred , it is necessary to their own efforts, worthy of the motherland.
cooperative housing welcome to join
public awareness of the dignity of individual life awakening.
A massive cooperative housing activities of the individual is sweeping the country, the general public to practical action to fight for their basic human rights mm residency.
bear the high prices of the looting, corruption and poor resistance to erosion is in full economic life of the Chinese people, wake up the conscience and the dignity of life as individuals, we will be beginning in the Year of the Pig the wind cries: I.
China's ideal. Many representatives, members are suggestions admonition to the government, on behalf of conscience, fairness, justice, power 剑指 China's high housing prices. optimistic estimates, the Chinese real estate market will begin to transition, that the corrupt officials, unscrupulous merchants and mistress of experts monopoly of the market will be merciless destruction of the house will return to live in its rightful place and value.
this spring morning, we have to lift the face, sunshine.
as 39 cities in China, personal cooperative housing sponsors, I sincerely thank all aspects of the vast land from the trust, and will go all out, faithful to the expectations of society, those loyal to the majority of cooperative housing, faithful to our time, whether the road is paved full of thorns or rough Ke Hum, I will, as always, spared no efforts have been dead then.
We are committed to solve their own housing problem, is forced, is a helpless struggle.
the UN Charter, human access to basic human rights, right of residence is a basic human right. China is a signatory, and as a permanent member, has been working to solve the housing problem. However, due to lack of public oversight, the great mission as a government, monopoly by corrupt officials and profiteers, and steadily driving up prices until the Chinese middle class desertification, the marginalization of low-income groups in urban China, the generation of Chinese youth who are interested in the bottom of, hh we hope that the Housing sigh.
Mao said: Poor people want change. We must change our living environment, we must pursue our happiness, we enjoy our fruits of labor, then mobilized to cooperative housing.
10 in this short months, we examined the cooperative housing for the six plots, and research and evaluation for early, and soon will be put into the bidding. We will step by step to advance our work, and strive to make the pig a part of us people began to own their own homes, own their own homes.
us this great cause, is housing. For details and specific arrangements operate, we will announce cooperative housing circles, so stay tuned.
the world is everyone's world, China is all the people of China. we were born and bred , it is necessary to their own efforts, worthy of the motherland.
cooperative housing welcome to join
Monday, December 20, 2010
Rise of Great Powers
Rise of Great Powers
Most historians believe that: before and after 1500 was an important watershed in human history, from that time began, human history can be called a true sense of the history of the world. Prior to this, human living in isolation from each other but on separate pieces of land, a continent that no one can know exactly, what is the Earth round or square, and almost every piece of land people think they live in the world Center.
1500 years ago, China is in the Ming Dynasty under the rule. Zheng He's fleet of seven ocean voyages, but not to open up trade, but to promote an ideal emperor. after the death of Zheng, the Chinese The figure disappeared in the ocean.
Arab and Indian traders and Europe, Asia, Africa continued business dealings with the mainland, but the scope of their activities largely confined to the Indian Ocean.
This was described by Europeans of the world, known to three continents mm Europe, Asia and Africa, respectively, by three Christian kings, and other places are not open chaos.
but in the year 1400 after two centuries, Europe described by drawing a few people like landmass is growing embryo, gradually shaped by the obscure group evolved into what we know today looks clearly visible.
It is from that time onwards, together fragmented world began , caused by the geographical discovery of the national competition, opened the inter-linkages of different civilizations, mutual gaze, but also the history of fighting against each other and the big screen.
Amazingly, open the curtain of this history of mankind not at the economic and cultural center of Europe, but in continental Europe occupies a small area southwest corner of the country's two mm, Portugal and Spain. Five hundred years ago, they have become the dominating global hegemony, spheres of influence in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.
So, what forces to conquer the Iberian peninsula, a small ocean, and then dominate the world more than a century it?
title of this collection: the first episode of marine Times < br> conquer was conquered from the beginning. From the 11th century to 11th century AD, two thousand years, incessant war on the Iberian Peninsula, the land has been occupied by Romans, Germanic and the Moors conquest. matador as one desperate, the people living in this land has never stopped the fight with the invaders, until today, we can still clearly feel as if rooted in the genes that the pursuit of stimulation, like adventure pride.
long two thousand years, tears, pain and sacrifice finally paid out for the riches of freedom.
AD 1143, an independent monarchy, Portugal, in the recovery of territory in the war came into being , and received papal recognition, which appears on the European continent's first unified nation-state.
Interview: Sarah by the Portuguese historian JH W
12 and the characteristics of 13th century Portugal, it is not a feudal separatism in the country, but the people of the kingdom, the king of Portugal, not only by the nobility, that is, the support of his vassals, and embraced by the people.
powerful monarchy that the Portuguese have a strong national ownership sense, but to achieve prosperity of the country is still a long journey. Portugal, less than a million square kilometers of space for development, resources are very scarce, the eastern neighbors of the endless war, and continued harassment of a piece of barren land, after independence After the Kingdom of Portugal, after two centuries, it is still dangerous, precarious.
the first to establish whether the nation-state can last? powerful monarchy will give it what? Portugal, where the future of the nation ? have been people living near the sea-fishing, had set our sights on being called ; five hundred anniversary of the death of building, the monument's front reads: Under the leadership of Enrique, Portugal started to conquer the sea journey.
Enrique was born in 1394, King Joao I of Portugal's third son.
then Europe is out from the ignorance of the Middle Ages , began in earnest in the Italian Renaissance, such as spark a prairie fire step by step, scientific and cultural ideas that point to light the skies of Europe.
just 12 years old when the Prince Enrique, 1406, a dusty a thousand two hundred years of book publishing, has led to a revolution in geographical knowledge and concepts, which is the writings of ancient Greek astronomer Ptolemy mm Chairman Jordan payment. Magellan
this book and many of the works of Greece, like other scholars, at the time was forgotten. Meanwhile, in Asia, this book has not been forgotten. and in Western Europe until 1406 before in Italy is concerned, from the late 15th century began to be printed and published, before they get spread more widely.
While watching today, Ptolemy world map drawn many errors, such as Africa and Antarctica are closely linked, with the exception of Europe Asia, outside of Africa, the world is an endless ocean, plants and animals to survive without the equator, etc., but at the time, it is illusory than those of travel myths and hearsay, still provide many more reliable geographic information.
Ptolemy described the world really is like this? Atlantic really can not sail it? huge question mark plagued the European continent, but also a burning obsession with geography and navigation strategies in Prince Enrique.
At the same time , a sudden big changes in his history again pushed the front of Portugal, leveraging the protagonist of history is that these seem unremarkable today, pepper.
Today, it is difficult to understand even the Europeans themselves, their Why are spices so dependent on fathers!
interview: Spain International Institute for Strategic Studies Research Fellow Royal Carlos. Mara Mulder
at the time, 14,15 century, methods of food preservation is dependent on spices, because There was no fridge. So the Europeans are pressing for the needs of spices, spice prices in the European market also reached an unprecedented height.
However, the lucrative spice trade, first monopolized by Arab traders, then, trade routes has been suddenly blocking the rise of the Turkish Ottoman Empire. The European rush to bail out, whether it is the sacred religion, or secular business, are hoping to find strong measures to reverse this situation. in the land after the failure of a military breakthrough, restless Europeans began to seek a way out to the sea.
Europeans how to be successful then?
Sagres, Portugal, the southern tip of a small fishing village, until today, there are still very bleak.
chronicle under the Portuguese records, the 15th century, under the auspices of the Prince Enrique, where the history of mankind has been established the first national sailing school, there have been built for the marine observatory and a library, this lighthouse was built in the 15th century , after almost six years of wind, frost, snow and rain, is still proudly stands.
interview: Professor of Religious Studies Natalie Portugal. Kelei Ya. Gede Si
According to historical records at that time, especially biography Writers Fernandez. Lopez's record, Don. Henrique Prince is a very serious, decisive, he is very clear what he needs, good with excellent staff around him to get along.
we do not know seem to face Enrique old-fashioned because of the prince with ingenious and tolerant, or as inclusive and has the ingenious. Italians, Arabs, Jews, Moors, of different races and even different faiths, experts and scholars gathered at his command. They Improved Chinese compass, the only corner with a traditional European sailing ships, converted into two or three with a multi-masted fast spinnaker sailing, it is these more than 20 meters long and 60-80 tons of heavy dhows the ultimate success of the Portuguese explorers ambition; they also established a committee composed of mathematicians, the mathematics, astronomy, the theory used in navigation, so that the voyage was a real science.
Interview: History of Portugal by Sarah Watts
JH scientists found the first sailing as a national program in Portugal, is a national program, a program hosted by a prince. This makes the Portuguese merchant marine discovery unlike those conducted for the trade the isolation of adventure, but a planned two years, systematic organization of tasks and strategies.
through twenty years of exploration of the theory and practice, the original mystery, fearsome Atlantic gradually revealed some regularity. Finally off the Portuguese south.
guests each visit to Portugal, Rocca angle is the inevitable choice, this is Europe's > just entering the autumn, the cold wind has been blowing visitors can not play based on!
thousands of years, stretching from sea water this stone is like a lonely old man, but to keep looking at the stormy Atlantic, keep looking at the European nightmare. until the 16th century, Portugal's greatest poet ever Kameng Si in the fighting in the sea created the epic journey, the fulcrum of the New World.
AD 1443, under the command of the Prince Enrique, from the angle of departure of the Portuguese navigator Rocca across the West African coast Bohaduoer angle. Prior to this, here is the end of the known world.
for this One day, the prince and his fleet Enrique has been fighting for 21 years.
mixed with the Chinese fleet of Zheng He's compared to the Portuguese sailing two or three small, but, with the adventurous nature of wealth desire and a strong religious fervor, the Portuguese finally broke through the medieval European maritime sector in the psychological and physiological limits.
interview: Louis Vice Chancellor, University of Porto, Portugal. Adam. tat. Fonseca
with overseas expansion to continue to advance, more and more people reach the sea, so the formation of the waters, and now they found that the large marine bigger than they imagine, it is also the south, west, extending indefinitely.
with the Portuguese along the west coast of Africa all the way south, a steady stream of gold, ivory , and the influx of African pepper, Lisbon, Portugal's treasury full.
Fortunately, with great fanfare in the Portuguese marine explore and benefit from nearly a century, other parts of Europe, the Middle Ages are still closed in the infighting :
England and France have not formed a unified nation-state, wars among the nobility;
German land hundreds of nations large and small, distant past during the attack of the game;
Italian city-states are Enjoy the traditional trade will bring a wonderful time last;
neighbors Spain and Portugal are still fighting for the recovery of land.
to 1460, painted by the Portuguese west coast of Africa on the map has reached 4,000 kilometers . In that year, Enrique died, the never married, 45 years in Sagres ascetic saint's side returned to their parents.
Although Enrique lives have never personally out to sea, is worthy of the Enrique's death 27 years later, the successor to the Portuguese seafaring King Jo?o II, continue to send Dias rate three sailing south along the Atlantic Ocean.
six months after the voyage, the fleet suffered a rare sudden storm In coerced by the storm, passively drifting southeast, after 13 days and nights, Dias ordered the fleet turned north, this time, he unexpectedly found: fleet has been around the southernmost tip of Africa. To commemorate the Nine Lives of legendary, Dias to the Cape named Portuguese will be able to reach the dream of the Orient. trade routes will open up, meaning that wealth will soon master the spice trade in the hands of Portugal.
However, at this time, the Portuguese encountered a formidable opponent, and that Spain had just unified neighbors. So, what the Spanish and Portuguese will be competitive with it?
Granada in Spain today, the most Islamic-style city, Islamic architecture of the classic Alhambra Palace, after soldiers fire several difficult centuries, still elegant and dignified.
hundred years ago, Spain battle for the final recovery of exercise here to .1490 in the spring, led by Spain's Queen Isabel Granada, surrounded by thousands of troops .
Interview: Spanish military historian Julio. penaranda. Alwar
the reconstruction of the Kingdom of Spain, largely thanks to regain lost ground in the war, the war lasted a full eight century. to the 15th century, the Kingdom is still in the Granada Muslims under the rule of the Moors.
opposite in Granada this stone castle, the Queen Isabel to personally supervise operations. The queen usually a white, every day To change clothes four times a bath, beauty, European royal family has been amazing. But she made the oath under the weight: not capture Granada never took off his shirt.
1492 年 1 2 March, the army violently in Spain attack, the Moors abandon the city to surrender. as long as the war came to an end the eight century. Isabel Granada kissed the Queen of the land, with her husband, King Ferdinand went into Alhambra Palace.
and to unity has just been completed in Spain when the history of Spain sent a golden opportunity.
with the Queen to enter the ranks of Granada, there is a wait for the Queen summoned the Genoese, he is then were moving the world The Christopher Columbus..
was already widely spread from the round earth theory, the Columbus had an idea, that is: towards the west can reach the East. Columbus believed that his plan will soon be sailing Europeans to the east, but in the previous six years, Columbus has been subjected to cold in Portugal.
Interview: Spain Gutierrez.
Meli, vice president of multi-Ferdinand. Ah Ligo. Gouy Calvo Jo?o II, Alan Ge
Columbus did not accept the proposal because of Portugal's maritime strategy is over the Cape of Good Hope, through Africa and then east to seek new routes to reach Asia, and thus and India trade.
Portugal navigation knowledgeable experts say: sailing west to reach east of the actual distance, will far exceed the forecast of Columbus. but it is the right to judge the Portuguese experts, so that the loss of a kingdom of Portugal historic opportunity.
1492 年 1 month, just finished Queen Isabel reunification Columbus summoned the third time.
Portugal rely on the rapid rise of sea power, jealous of the whole of Europe was dog eat dog, but the financial, material and The lack of qualified personnel of all kings, aristocrats, business people flinched. ambitious Queen Isabel in 23 years to create a unified Spain, and now, she started to become a Spanish explorer of the total ocean-going sponsor.
Interview: Ancient Spain Fe Juarez. Meli multi Professor Sonia. Arda. Messias
united country only have sufficient strength and determination, to finance such a great voyage of Columbus, which was fully demonstrated Europe's strength and determination of feudal power.
Columbus and the Spanish royal family for three months negotiations.
family was born in Columbus, cloth merchants, from small business to monasteries bargaining behavior in the eight years of sailing experience and Portugal gave him a reason to improve the price tag, Columbus confidently enough to fight for their rights.
the Queen does not believe that people with a common interest to sit down and discuss the allocation of what is wrong.
Interview: Spanish Speaker Distance Education University professor Carlos. Martinez. Xiao
for the colonial occupation, though done by the explorer, but its base is a contract with the royal family and the treaty, which seemed to take the lead in the chorus is As lead singer, received by the explorers to colonize the colonies, but the colony's sovereignty belongs to the royal family still.
1492 年 4 17, the two sides signed the agreement, the state will end with the navigator's desire to combine together. < br> Columbus, was appointed commander in chief were found, can be found in everything from one-tenth of the wealth and goods unless special exemption; for the future of this earthly vessel bound for Columbus to charge one-eighth of its profit. < br> 8 3 May, the Navy awarded the Grand Marshal of the Queen with the appointment of state, Columbus on deck, on the Queen to his three sailing funded the sailing orders issued.
west. then west. sailboat into the heart of the Atlantic.
order to reduce the crew to leave the land too far because of the fear generated, Columbus secretly adjusted the meter tools, daily reporting of some of sailing miles. but even so, two months after nothing of the fleet went to the brink of collapse remains.
10 10 May, anxiety and anger of the crew said it will continue westbound rebellion. heated debate, the Columbus proposals: longer follow the three days, three days later to see if it but not the land, the fleet to return.
Interview: Spanish National Distance Education University professor Carlos Speaker. Martinez. Xiao
no doubt he is very wise to do so, because just three days after the riot, He was opposed to the mast the sailors shouted: land, is located in North America today, the Bahamas, from that day, together fragmented world began.
Although Columbus died thought he reached India, but the fact is neither he arrived in China, but also not India, but Europeans have never known a piece of the New World.
because of misjudgment of Columbus, the indigenous people have a piece of land that they have nothing to do with the name of mm Indians, even today, We also feel as though they were distant relatives in Asia.
off in Columbus this year, the man produced the earliest globe, in this globe, this position belongs to the American continent or an ocean.
Spain succeeded in the news shocked the whole of Europe. mm10 day 12, was later designated as the National Day of Spain.
very warm welcoming ceremony, the Queen Isabel promised Columbus fulfilled all of the material and spiritual rewards, Columbus in June were surrounded by Indians, holding the streets of colorful parrots.
triumph, but is not the first to see Columbus Queen Isabel of Spain, but Columbus was rejected King Joao II of Portugal, Columbus was returning First to reach Lisbon, Jo?o II, interviewed him specifically.
of uncertainty and a bowl of Jo?o II of dry beans used, so that Columbus brought the Indians put on the table looks like the New World. The game was the geographical so that he secretly wringing: adjacent to the maritime powers were before the discovery of who has the right to do future world?
Interview: Sarah Portuguese historian JH
by tile in that era, on the theory that the sea, the sea is not open, people think that the discoverer of the sea belong to it, no doubt, the Portuguese found it.
after nearly a year of negotiations, June 7, 1494, under the auspices of the Pope in Rome, Lisbon, Portugal and Spain on the outskirts of the town signed the treaty: to draw a line in the earth, and then, like the Earth as a melon Chessie two and a half. Portugal took the east, Spain to hold in the arms of the Americas.
drawn from this was paintings point of view, the bargaining process is intense, but in fact, accurate calculations and does not make much sense, because both the Portuguese or Spanish, and the European continent than just have a little bit of contact, no one know exactly how much the planet.
Interview: Spain Gutierrez. Meli more Dean Isidro. Cypriots just Sepulveda. Munoz
this treaty in Western Civilization significance of the resulting established the precedent of the colonial powers carved up, a trend that later culminated in the Treaty of Berlin, the European countries will sit together around the world are all known and unknown place to be assigned to form the prototype of the world situation today . we can say that the global expansion began in the Western world began to the treaty.
rules of the game has been developed, the next thing is to see who was faster action.
1498 年 5 months, after four years of death in the face, Portuguese navigators reached. Gama led the fleet finally arrived at Calicut in India in Hong Kong, which is seventy years ago, Zheng He, the kingdom of heaven is an ideal place to display.
different and Zheng, Portugal man this brings not only a friendly greeting, when the Indians asked the purpose of their arrival, the tat. gamma very succinctly replied: nearly a century of difficult exploration, the desire Enrique Prince finally become a reality, the European navigators decades of accumulated knowledge and courage to start into a dazzling wealth.
the face of the success of the Portuguese in the East, Spain again departure.
1519 年 9 20 March, another snub by the Portuguese navigator Magellan, with five ships and 265 crew members, the first time in human history began sailing around the Earth.
This is undoubtedly an epoch-making feat, its meaning can even leave the Earth to the moon and human than, the difference is when American astronaut Neil. Armstrong carefully taken that step, he knew that at least seven hundred million around the world people are cheering for him.
but 450 years ago, Magellan was not so lucky. in the day and night through 1080, 17,000 km range, the September 5, 1521, in this magnificent church, around the Earth 18 hand engine survivors lit candles in the great epic voyage prayer warriors died, including their captain was killed Magellan in the Philippines.
18 盏 candlelight is so weak, but it is light The process of human civilization is!
now displayed in front of Western Europeans, is not a quarter of a hemisphere, but the entire planet.
earth twirled, cartographers working hard day and night, still can not satisfy people's demand for revision of the map, the map coloring in the humid and when not to be removed, new routes opened up a navigator in Europe to control the world chain.
onslaught in the gunboats , a strategic point of traffic at sea have become a foregone conclusion and Portugal, from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean is the use of more than 50 locations, half a world monopoly of the Portuguese merchant routes. In the early 16th century the first five years, Portuguese spice trading volume increased rapidly from 220,000 pounds to 230 pounds, became the dominant power in maritime trade.
harvest and Portugal in the East compared to Spain's looting of the American continent more direct.
According to statistics, from 1502 to 1660, Spain from the Americas by 18,600 tons and 200 tons of silver, up up gold, to the late 16th century, the world's gold production, 83% of Spanish possession.
the expansion phase with the Europeans accompanied, however, are the two major centers of civilization of American Elegy. to 1570, the war came the massacres and epidemics in Europe, so that the population in Mexico fell from 25 million to 265 million, Peru's population from 9,000,000 down to 1,300,000 . America's Native Indians since the drastic reduction in 90%.
Interview: New University of Lisbon, Portugal Professor Antonio. Manuel. Espa?a. Osiris door
when Portugal and Spain When the royal family together, that is, Philip I of Portugal or Spain during the reign of Philip II, Philip said to the Kingdom of the sun never land, because the territory of the King of Portugal and Spain to reach the whole world, from Mexico to the Philippines, China, India and Africa.
in Europe,cheap UGG boots, the Spanish rule nearly half of the Catholic world; in Asia, it conquered the Philippines; and outside of the Americas except Brazil, owned by Spain. Portuguese colonies throughout Africa, Brazil and Central Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean island routes.
Iberian Peninsula created a mythical miracle, this miracle will not do, like fairy tales, see the first but not the tail, misty uncertain, do come and gone?
This is the only Madrid a square named after country, the pride of the Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes mm impressively stands in the middle of the monument, each approached the Cervantes who could not help to touch the ride Shouma Church. Don Quixote and Sancho followed by servants.
Interview: Spain Gutierrez. Meli more Dean Isidro. Cypriots just Sepulveda.
Munoz Cervantes has published many books during his lifetime, his plays were also popular works, but he lived a destitute old age, life, he knew somebody who did not give him enough funding life, so that When he died is still very poor.
Cervantes's fate reflects the subtle rise and fall of the Iberian Peninsula.
royalty and the powerful support of religious fanaticism, the Iberian Asian peninsula conquered the sea, access to the world. However, the influx of wealth, like the tides, almost all used to support the religious beliefs of the colonial expansion of the war, but not really allow for the development of industrial and commercial prosperity of the country up . powerful nobles want to see the development of trade and industry led to the rise of new forces, they even absurd to put tens of thousands of foreigners engaged in business, away from their own land was.
Interview: Spain Speaker National University of Distance Education Professor Carlos. Martinez. Xiao
Spain getting used to it, do not invest their own industries, and turned to buying expensive goods abroad, over time, sharp fall in domestic industry, while the currency has depreciated sharply , people are still addicted to consumption.
Interview: former Chairman of the Portuguese maritime Jordan King Memorial. Magellan
we know that an institution is likely to change because there is no ability to make know the colonial expansion of Portugal and Spain appeared in this period is the decline because they can not make a change.
Rocca angle of the sun slowly sets, and this is the last hint of sunshine Europe.
to 16 half of the century, once had countless gold and silver and very powerful state machine of the Iberian Peninsula, the performance in the world to start the curtain call. water in general and the influx of wealth flow out like water, in addition to luxury social trends, the industry did not leave a decent, ordinary people did not even get decent food, clothing, shelter,.
perhaps, indulge in the medieval church heroic dreams. Quixote does not understand death, and his shield is a cover of the old world, stabbing his spear is a new world, the end can only be repeated frustration and failure!
history of the world's first drama on the stage ended tragically. The next a, which will be a country, wearing the new world Rays debut to perform it?
】 【Order】
most historians believe that: before and after 1500 was an important watershed in the history of mankind, Since then, human history can be called a true sense of the history of the world. Prior to this, human beings live in isolation from each other but on separate pieces of land, a continent that no one can know exactly , whether the Earth round or square, and almost every piece of land people think they live in the center of the world.
1500 years ago, China is in the Ming Dynasty under the rule. Zheng He's fleet of seven voyages, but not to open up trade, but to promote an ideal emperor. after the death of Zheng, the Chinese figure disappeared in the ocean.
Arab and Indian traders and Europe, Asia, Africa and the continent continues to the business dealings, but the scope of their activities largely confined to the Indian Ocean.
This was described by Europeans, the world's three continents mm known in Europe, Asia and Africa, respectively, by three Christian kings Other places are not open chaos.
but in the year 1400 after two centuries, European drawings were described by several large land like a growing embryo, and gradually by the fuzzy lumps, evolved into today are familiar with the appearance of clearly visible.
It is from that time onwards, fragmented world started together, caused by the geographical discovery of the national competition, opened the inter-linkages of different civilizations, each looking at the same time fighting against each other and the history of the big screen.
Amazingly, open the curtain of this history of mankind, not when the economic and cultural center of Europe, but in continental Europe occupies a area of the southwest corner of the two non- mm large country, Portugal and Spain. Five hundred years ago, they have become the dominating global hegemony, spheres of influence throughout Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.
So, what forces to conquer the Iberian Peninsula in a small marine and thus dominate the world more than a century it?
the set Title: Episode Marine Times
conquered conquered from the beginning. From the 11th century to 11th century AD, two thousand years, incessant war on the Iberian Peninsula, the land has been occupied by Romans, Germanic and Moorish conquest. matador, as one desperate, the people living in this land has never stopped with the intruder struggle, until today, we can still clearly feel as if rooted in the genes that the pursuit of stimulation, adventurous pride.
long two thousand years, tears, pain and sacrifice in exchange for valuable free at last .
the year 1143, an independent monarchy, Portugal, in the recovery of territory in the war came into being, and received papal recognition, which appears on the European continent's first unified nation-state.
Interview: Sarah by the Portuguese historian JH
12 watts and features 13th century Portugal, it is not a feudal separatism in the country, but the people of the kingdom, the king of Portugal, not only by the nobility, that is, his minister are supported and embraced by the people.
powerful monarchy that the Portuguese have a strong national sense of belonging, but to achieve prosperity of the country is still a long journey. Portugal, less than a million square kilometers of the development of space, resources are very scarce, the east neighbor of the endless war, and continued harassment of a piece of barren land, the independent Kingdom of Portugal after the experience of two centuries later, remains a dangerous, precarious.
the lead in establishing the How can the nation-state for how long? powerful monarchy will give it what? Portugal, where the future of the nation? have been people living near the sea-fishing, had set our sights on being called Atlantic.
the ship's monument, in 1960 the Portuguese Government to commemorate the The Way of the British ...
Most historians believe that: before and after 1500 was an important watershed in human history, from that time began, human history can be called a true sense of the history of the world. Prior to this, human living in isolation from each other but on separate pieces of land, a continent that no one can know exactly, what is the Earth round or square, and almost every piece of land people think they live in the world Center.
1500 years ago, China is in the Ming Dynasty under the rule. Zheng He's fleet of seven ocean voyages, but not to open up trade, but to promote an ideal emperor. after the death of Zheng, the Chinese The figure disappeared in the ocean.
Arab and Indian traders and Europe, Asia, Africa continued business dealings with the mainland, but the scope of their activities largely confined to the Indian Ocean.
This was described by Europeans of the world, known to three continents mm Europe, Asia and Africa, respectively, by three Christian kings, and other places are not open chaos.
but in the year 1400 after two centuries, Europe described by drawing a few people like landmass is growing embryo, gradually shaped by the obscure group evolved into what we know today looks clearly visible.
It is from that time onwards, together fragmented world began , caused by the geographical discovery of the national competition, opened the inter-linkages of different civilizations, mutual gaze, but also the history of fighting against each other and the big screen.
Amazingly, open the curtain of this history of mankind not at the economic and cultural center of Europe, but in continental Europe occupies a small area southwest corner of the country's two mm, Portugal and Spain. Five hundred years ago, they have become the dominating global hegemony, spheres of influence in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.
So, what forces to conquer the Iberian peninsula, a small ocean, and then dominate the world more than a century it?
title of this collection: the first episode of marine Times < br> conquer was conquered from the beginning. From the 11th century to 11th century AD, two thousand years, incessant war on the Iberian Peninsula, the land has been occupied by Romans, Germanic and the Moors conquest. matador as one desperate, the people living in this land has never stopped the fight with the invaders, until today, we can still clearly feel as if rooted in the genes that the pursuit of stimulation, like adventure pride.
long two thousand years, tears, pain and sacrifice finally paid out for the riches of freedom.
AD 1143, an independent monarchy, Portugal, in the recovery of territory in the war came into being , and received papal recognition, which appears on the European continent's first unified nation-state.
Interview: Sarah by the Portuguese historian JH W
12 and the characteristics of 13th century Portugal, it is not a feudal separatism in the country, but the people of the kingdom, the king of Portugal, not only by the nobility, that is, the support of his vassals, and embraced by the people.
powerful monarchy that the Portuguese have a strong national ownership sense, but to achieve prosperity of the country is still a long journey. Portugal, less than a million square kilometers of space for development, resources are very scarce, the eastern neighbors of the endless war, and continued harassment of a piece of barren land, after independence After the Kingdom of Portugal, after two centuries, it is still dangerous, precarious.
the first to establish whether the nation-state can last? powerful monarchy will give it what? Portugal, where the future of the nation ? have been people living near the sea-fishing, had set our sights on being called ; five hundred anniversary of the death of building, the monument's front reads: Under the leadership of Enrique, Portugal started to conquer the sea journey.
Enrique was born in 1394, King Joao I of Portugal's third son.
then Europe is out from the ignorance of the Middle Ages , began in earnest in the Italian Renaissance, such as spark a prairie fire step by step, scientific and cultural ideas that point to light the skies of Europe.
just 12 years old when the Prince Enrique, 1406, a dusty a thousand two hundred years of book publishing, has led to a revolution in geographical knowledge and concepts, which is the writings of ancient Greek astronomer Ptolemy mm Chairman Jordan payment. Magellan
this book and many of the works of Greece, like other scholars, at the time was forgotten. Meanwhile, in Asia, this book has not been forgotten. and in Western Europe until 1406 before in Italy is concerned, from the late 15th century began to be printed and published, before they get spread more widely.
While watching today, Ptolemy world map drawn many errors, such as Africa and Antarctica are closely linked, with the exception of Europe Asia, outside of Africa, the world is an endless ocean, plants and animals to survive without the equator, etc., but at the time, it is illusory than those of travel myths and hearsay, still provide many more reliable geographic information.
Ptolemy described the world really is like this? Atlantic really can not sail it? huge question mark plagued the European continent, but also a burning obsession with geography and navigation strategies in Prince Enrique.
At the same time , a sudden big changes in his history again pushed the front of Portugal, leveraging the protagonist of history is that these seem unremarkable today, pepper.
Today, it is difficult to understand even the Europeans themselves, their Why are spices so dependent on fathers!
interview: Spain International Institute for Strategic Studies Research Fellow Royal Carlos. Mara Mulder
at the time, 14,15 century, methods of food preservation is dependent on spices, because There was no fridge. So the Europeans are pressing for the needs of spices, spice prices in the European market also reached an unprecedented height.
However, the lucrative spice trade, first monopolized by Arab traders, then, trade routes has been suddenly blocking the rise of the Turkish Ottoman Empire. The European rush to bail out, whether it is the sacred religion, or secular business, are hoping to find strong measures to reverse this situation. in the land after the failure of a military breakthrough, restless Europeans began to seek a way out to the sea.
Europeans how to be successful then?
Sagres, Portugal, the southern tip of a small fishing village, until today, there are still very bleak.
chronicle under the Portuguese records, the 15th century, under the auspices of the Prince Enrique, where the history of mankind has been established the first national sailing school, there have been built for the marine observatory and a library, this lighthouse was built in the 15th century , after almost six years of wind, frost, snow and rain, is still proudly stands.
interview: Professor of Religious Studies Natalie Portugal. Kelei Ya. Gede Si
According to historical records at that time, especially biography Writers Fernandez. Lopez's record, Don. Henrique Prince is a very serious, decisive, he is very clear what he needs, good with excellent staff around him to get along.
we do not know seem to face Enrique old-fashioned because of the prince with ingenious and tolerant, or as inclusive and has the ingenious. Italians, Arabs, Jews, Moors, of different races and even different faiths, experts and scholars gathered at his command. They Improved Chinese compass, the only corner with a traditional European sailing ships, converted into two or three with a multi-masted fast spinnaker sailing, it is these more than 20 meters long and 60-80 tons of heavy dhows the ultimate success of the Portuguese explorers ambition; they also established a committee composed of mathematicians, the mathematics, astronomy, the theory used in navigation, so that the voyage was a real science.
Interview: History of Portugal by Sarah Watts
JH scientists found the first sailing as a national program in Portugal, is a national program, a program hosted by a prince. This makes the Portuguese merchant marine discovery unlike those conducted for the trade the isolation of adventure, but a planned two years, systematic organization of tasks and strategies.
through twenty years of exploration of the theory and practice, the original mystery, fearsome Atlantic gradually revealed some regularity. Finally off the Portuguese south.
guests each visit to Portugal, Rocca angle is the inevitable choice, this is Europe's > just entering the autumn, the cold wind has been blowing visitors can not play based on!
thousands of years, stretching from sea water this stone is like a lonely old man, but to keep looking at the stormy Atlantic, keep looking at the European nightmare. until the 16th century, Portugal's greatest poet ever Kameng Si in the fighting in the sea created the epic journey, the fulcrum of the New World.
AD 1443, under the command of the Prince Enrique, from the angle of departure of the Portuguese navigator Rocca across the West African coast Bohaduoer angle. Prior to this, here is the end of the known world.
for this One day, the prince and his fleet Enrique has been fighting for 21 years.
mixed with the Chinese fleet of Zheng He's compared to the Portuguese sailing two or three small, but, with the adventurous nature of wealth desire and a strong religious fervor, the Portuguese finally broke through the medieval European maritime sector in the psychological and physiological limits.
interview: Louis Vice Chancellor, University of Porto, Portugal. Adam. tat. Fonseca
with overseas expansion to continue to advance, more and more people reach the sea, so the formation of the waters, and now they found that the large marine bigger than they imagine, it is also the south, west, extending indefinitely.
with the Portuguese along the west coast of Africa all the way south, a steady stream of gold, ivory , and the influx of African pepper, Lisbon, Portugal's treasury full.
Fortunately, with great fanfare in the Portuguese marine explore and benefit from nearly a century, other parts of Europe, the Middle Ages are still closed in the infighting :
England and France have not formed a unified nation-state, wars among the nobility;
German land hundreds of nations large and small, distant past during the attack of the game;
Italian city-states are Enjoy the traditional trade will bring a wonderful time last;
neighbors Spain and Portugal are still fighting for the recovery of land.
to 1460, painted by the Portuguese west coast of Africa on the map has reached 4,000 kilometers . In that year, Enrique died, the never married, 45 years in Sagres ascetic saint's side returned to their parents.
Although Enrique lives have never personally out to sea, is worthy of the Enrique's death 27 years later, the successor to the Portuguese seafaring King Jo?o II, continue to send Dias rate three sailing south along the Atlantic Ocean.
six months after the voyage, the fleet suffered a rare sudden storm In coerced by the storm, passively drifting southeast, after 13 days and nights, Dias ordered the fleet turned north, this time, he unexpectedly found: fleet has been around the southernmost tip of Africa. To commemorate the Nine Lives of legendary, Dias to the Cape named Portuguese will be able to reach the dream of the Orient. trade routes will open up, meaning that wealth will soon master the spice trade in the hands of Portugal.
However, at this time, the Portuguese encountered a formidable opponent, and that Spain had just unified neighbors. So, what the Spanish and Portuguese will be competitive with it?
Granada in Spain today, the most Islamic-style city, Islamic architecture of the classic Alhambra Palace, after soldiers fire several difficult centuries, still elegant and dignified.
hundred years ago, Spain battle for the final recovery of exercise here to .1490 in the spring, led by Spain's Queen Isabel Granada, surrounded by thousands of troops .
Interview: Spanish military historian Julio. penaranda. Alwar
the reconstruction of the Kingdom of Spain, largely thanks to regain lost ground in the war, the war lasted a full eight century. to the 15th century, the Kingdom is still in the Granada Muslims under the rule of the Moors.
opposite in Granada this stone castle, the Queen Isabel to personally supervise operations. The queen usually a white, every day To change clothes four times a bath, beauty, European royal family has been amazing. But she made the oath under the weight: not capture Granada never took off his shirt.
1492 年 1 2 March, the army violently in Spain attack, the Moors abandon the city to surrender. as long as the war came to an end the eight century. Isabel Granada kissed the Queen of the land, with her husband, King Ferdinand went into Alhambra Palace.
and to unity has just been completed in Spain when the history of Spain sent a golden opportunity.
with the Queen to enter the ranks of Granada, there is a wait for the Queen summoned the Genoese, he is then were moving the world The Christopher Columbus..
was already widely spread from the round earth theory, the Columbus had an idea, that is: towards the west can reach the East. Columbus believed that his plan will soon be sailing Europeans to the east, but in the previous six years, Columbus has been subjected to cold in Portugal.
Interview: Spain Gutierrez.
Meli, vice president of multi-Ferdinand. Ah Ligo. Gouy Calvo Jo?o II, Alan Ge
Columbus did not accept the proposal because of Portugal's maritime strategy is over the Cape of Good Hope, through Africa and then east to seek new routes to reach Asia, and thus and India trade.
Portugal navigation knowledgeable experts say: sailing west to reach east of the actual distance, will far exceed the forecast of Columbus. but it is the right to judge the Portuguese experts, so that the loss of a kingdom of Portugal historic opportunity.
1492 年 1 month, just finished Queen Isabel reunification Columbus summoned the third time.
Portugal rely on the rapid rise of sea power, jealous of the whole of Europe was dog eat dog, but the financial, material and The lack of qualified personnel of all kings, aristocrats, business people flinched. ambitious Queen Isabel in 23 years to create a unified Spain, and now, she started to become a Spanish explorer of the total ocean-going sponsor.
Interview: Ancient Spain Fe Juarez. Meli multi Professor Sonia. Arda. Messias
united country only have sufficient strength and determination, to finance such a great voyage of Columbus, which was fully demonstrated Europe's strength and determination of feudal power.
Columbus and the Spanish royal family for three months negotiations.
family was born in Columbus, cloth merchants, from small business to monasteries bargaining behavior in the eight years of sailing experience and Portugal gave him a reason to improve the price tag, Columbus confidently enough to fight for their rights.
the Queen does not believe that people with a common interest to sit down and discuss the allocation of what is wrong.
Interview: Spanish Speaker Distance Education University professor Carlos. Martinez. Xiao
for the colonial occupation, though done by the explorer, but its base is a contract with the royal family and the treaty, which seemed to take the lead in the chorus is As lead singer, received by the explorers to colonize the colonies, but the colony's sovereignty belongs to the royal family still.
1492 年 4 17, the two sides signed the agreement, the state will end with the navigator's desire to combine together. < br> Columbus, was appointed commander in chief were found, can be found in everything from one-tenth of the wealth and goods unless special exemption; for the future of this earthly vessel bound for Columbus to charge one-eighth of its profit. < br> 8 3 May, the Navy awarded the Grand Marshal of the Queen with the appointment of state, Columbus on deck, on the Queen to his three sailing funded the sailing orders issued.
west. then west. sailboat into the heart of the Atlantic.
order to reduce the crew to leave the land too far because of the fear generated, Columbus secretly adjusted the meter tools, daily reporting of some of sailing miles. but even so, two months after nothing of the fleet went to the brink of collapse remains.
10 10 May, anxiety and anger of the crew said it will continue westbound rebellion. heated debate, the Columbus proposals: longer follow the three days, three days later to see if it but not the land, the fleet to return.
Interview: Spanish National Distance Education University professor Carlos Speaker. Martinez. Xiao
no doubt he is very wise to do so, because just three days after the riot, He was opposed to the mast the sailors shouted: land, is located in North America today, the Bahamas, from that day, together fragmented world began.
Although Columbus died thought he reached India, but the fact is neither he arrived in China, but also not India, but Europeans have never known a piece of the New World.
because of misjudgment of Columbus, the indigenous people have a piece of land that they have nothing to do with the name of mm Indians, even today, We also feel as though they were distant relatives in Asia.
off in Columbus this year, the man produced the earliest globe, in this globe, this position belongs to the American continent or an ocean.
Spain succeeded in the news shocked the whole of Europe. mm10 day 12, was later designated as the National Day of Spain.
very warm welcoming ceremony, the Queen Isabel promised Columbus fulfilled all of the material and spiritual rewards, Columbus in June were surrounded by Indians, holding the streets of colorful parrots.
triumph, but is not the first to see Columbus Queen Isabel of Spain, but Columbus was rejected King Joao II of Portugal, Columbus was returning First to reach Lisbon, Jo?o II, interviewed him specifically.
of uncertainty and a bowl of Jo?o II of dry beans used, so that Columbus brought the Indians put on the table looks like the New World. The game was the geographical so that he secretly wringing: adjacent to the maritime powers were before the discovery of who has the right to do future world?
Interview: Sarah Portuguese historian JH
by tile in that era, on the theory that the sea, the sea is not open, people think that the discoverer of the sea belong to it, no doubt, the Portuguese found it.
after nearly a year of negotiations, June 7, 1494, under the auspices of the Pope in Rome, Lisbon, Portugal and Spain on the outskirts of the town signed the treaty: to draw a line in the earth, and then, like the Earth as a melon Chessie two and a half. Portugal took the east, Spain to hold in the arms of the Americas.
drawn from this was paintings point of view, the bargaining process is intense, but in fact, accurate calculations and does not make much sense, because both the Portuguese or Spanish, and the European continent than just have a little bit of contact, no one know exactly how much the planet.
Interview: Spain Gutierrez. Meli more Dean Isidro. Cypriots just Sepulveda. Munoz
this treaty in Western Civilization significance of the resulting established the precedent of the colonial powers carved up, a trend that later culminated in the Treaty of Berlin, the European countries will sit together around the world are all known and unknown place to be assigned to form the prototype of the world situation today . we can say that the global expansion began in the Western world began to the treaty.
rules of the game has been developed, the next thing is to see who was faster action.
1498 年 5 months, after four years of death in the face, Portuguese navigators reached. Gama led the fleet finally arrived at Calicut in India in Hong Kong, which is seventy years ago, Zheng He, the kingdom of heaven is an ideal place to display.
different and Zheng, Portugal man this brings not only a friendly greeting, when the Indians asked the purpose of their arrival, the tat. gamma very succinctly replied: nearly a century of difficult exploration, the desire Enrique Prince finally become a reality, the European navigators decades of accumulated knowledge and courage to start into a dazzling wealth.
the face of the success of the Portuguese in the East, Spain again departure.
1519 年 9 20 March, another snub by the Portuguese navigator Magellan, with five ships and 265 crew members, the first time in human history began sailing around the Earth.
This is undoubtedly an epoch-making feat, its meaning can even leave the Earth to the moon and human than, the difference is when American astronaut Neil. Armstrong carefully taken that step, he knew that at least seven hundred million around the world people are cheering for him.
but 450 years ago, Magellan was not so lucky. in the day and night through 1080, 17,000 km range, the September 5, 1521, in this magnificent church, around the Earth 18 hand engine survivors lit candles in the great epic voyage prayer warriors died, including their captain was killed Magellan in the Philippines.
18 盏 candlelight is so weak, but it is light The process of human civilization is!
now displayed in front of Western Europeans, is not a quarter of a hemisphere, but the entire planet.
earth twirled, cartographers working hard day and night, still can not satisfy people's demand for revision of the map, the map coloring in the humid and when not to be removed, new routes opened up a navigator in Europe to control the world chain.
onslaught in the gunboats , a strategic point of traffic at sea have become a foregone conclusion and Portugal, from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean is the use of more than 50 locations, half a world monopoly of the Portuguese merchant routes. In the early 16th century the first five years, Portuguese spice trading volume increased rapidly from 220,000 pounds to 230 pounds, became the dominant power in maritime trade.
harvest and Portugal in the East compared to Spain's looting of the American continent more direct.
According to statistics, from 1502 to 1660, Spain from the Americas by 18,600 tons and 200 tons of silver, up up gold, to the late 16th century, the world's gold production, 83% of Spanish possession.
the expansion phase with the Europeans accompanied, however, are the two major centers of civilization of American Elegy. to 1570, the war came the massacres and epidemics in Europe, so that the population in Mexico fell from 25 million to 265 million, Peru's population from 9,000,000 down to 1,300,000 . America's Native Indians since the drastic reduction in 90%.
Interview: New University of Lisbon, Portugal Professor Antonio. Manuel. Espa?a. Osiris door
when Portugal and Spain When the royal family together, that is, Philip I of Portugal or Spain during the reign of Philip II, Philip said to the Kingdom of the sun never land, because the territory of the King of Portugal and Spain to reach the whole world, from Mexico to the Philippines, China, India and Africa.
in Europe,cheap UGG boots, the Spanish rule nearly half of the Catholic world; in Asia, it conquered the Philippines; and outside of the Americas except Brazil, owned by Spain. Portuguese colonies throughout Africa, Brazil and Central Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean island routes.
Iberian Peninsula created a mythical miracle, this miracle will not do, like fairy tales, see the first but not the tail, misty uncertain, do come and gone?
This is the only Madrid a square named after country, the pride of the Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes mm impressively stands in the middle of the monument, each approached the Cervantes who could not help to touch the ride Shouma Church. Don Quixote and Sancho followed by servants.
Interview: Spain Gutierrez. Meli more Dean Isidro. Cypriots just Sepulveda.
Munoz Cervantes has published many books during his lifetime, his plays were also popular works, but he lived a destitute old age, life, he knew somebody who did not give him enough funding life, so that When he died is still very poor.
Cervantes's fate reflects the subtle rise and fall of the Iberian Peninsula.
royalty and the powerful support of religious fanaticism, the Iberian Asian peninsula conquered the sea, access to the world. However, the influx of wealth, like the tides, almost all used to support the religious beliefs of the colonial expansion of the war, but not really allow for the development of industrial and commercial prosperity of the country up . powerful nobles want to see the development of trade and industry led to the rise of new forces, they even absurd to put tens of thousands of foreigners engaged in business, away from their own land was.
Interview: Spain Speaker National University of Distance Education Professor Carlos. Martinez. Xiao
Spain getting used to it, do not invest their own industries, and turned to buying expensive goods abroad, over time, sharp fall in domestic industry, while the currency has depreciated sharply , people are still addicted to consumption.
Interview: former Chairman of the Portuguese maritime Jordan King Memorial. Magellan
we know that an institution is likely to change because there is no ability to make know the colonial expansion of Portugal and Spain appeared in this period is the decline because they can not make a change.
Rocca angle of the sun slowly sets, and this is the last hint of sunshine Europe.
to 16 half of the century, once had countless gold and silver and very powerful state machine of the Iberian Peninsula, the performance in the world to start the curtain call. water in general and the influx of wealth flow out like water, in addition to luxury social trends, the industry did not leave a decent, ordinary people did not even get decent food, clothing, shelter,.
perhaps, indulge in the medieval church heroic dreams. Quixote does not understand death, and his shield is a cover of the old world, stabbing his spear is a new world, the end can only be repeated frustration and failure!
history of the world's first drama on the stage ended tragically. The next a, which will be a country, wearing the new world Rays debut to perform it?
】 【Order】
most historians believe that: before and after 1500 was an important watershed in the history of mankind, Since then, human history can be called a true sense of the history of the world. Prior to this, human beings live in isolation from each other but on separate pieces of land, a continent that no one can know exactly , whether the Earth round or square, and almost every piece of land people think they live in the center of the world.
1500 years ago, China is in the Ming Dynasty under the rule. Zheng He's fleet of seven voyages, but not to open up trade, but to promote an ideal emperor. after the death of Zheng, the Chinese figure disappeared in the ocean.
Arab and Indian traders and Europe, Asia, Africa and the continent continues to the business dealings, but the scope of their activities largely confined to the Indian Ocean.
This was described by Europeans, the world's three continents mm known in Europe, Asia and Africa, respectively, by three Christian kings Other places are not open chaos.
but in the year 1400 after two centuries, European drawings were described by several large land like a growing embryo, and gradually by the fuzzy lumps, evolved into today are familiar with the appearance of clearly visible.
It is from that time onwards, fragmented world started together, caused by the geographical discovery of the national competition, opened the inter-linkages of different civilizations, each looking at the same time fighting against each other and the history of the big screen.
Amazingly, open the curtain of this history of mankind, not when the economic and cultural center of Europe, but in continental Europe occupies a area of the southwest corner of the two non- mm large country, Portugal and Spain. Five hundred years ago, they have become the dominating global hegemony, spheres of influence throughout Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.
So, what forces to conquer the Iberian Peninsula in a small marine and thus dominate the world more than a century it?
the set Title: Episode Marine Times
conquered conquered from the beginning. From the 11th century to 11th century AD, two thousand years, incessant war on the Iberian Peninsula, the land has been occupied by Romans, Germanic and Moorish conquest. matador, as one desperate, the people living in this land has never stopped with the intruder struggle, until today, we can still clearly feel as if rooted in the genes that the pursuit of stimulation, adventurous pride.
long two thousand years, tears, pain and sacrifice in exchange for valuable free at last .
the year 1143, an independent monarchy, Portugal, in the recovery of territory in the war came into being, and received papal recognition, which appears on the European continent's first unified nation-state.
Interview: Sarah by the Portuguese historian JH
12 watts and features 13th century Portugal, it is not a feudal separatism in the country, but the people of the kingdom, the king of Portugal, not only by the nobility, that is, his minister are supported and embraced by the people.
powerful monarchy that the Portuguese have a strong national sense of belonging, but to achieve prosperity of the country is still a long journey. Portugal, less than a million square kilometers of the development of space, resources are very scarce, the east neighbor of the endless war, and continued harassment of a piece of barren land, the independent Kingdom of Portugal after the experience of two centuries later, remains a dangerous, precarious.
the lead in establishing the How can the nation-state for how long? powerful monarchy will give it what? Portugal, where the future of the nation? have been people living near the sea-fishing, had set our sights on being called Atlantic.
the ship's monument, in 1960 the Portuguese Government to commemorate the The Way of the British ...
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